Effects of stocking density and dietary vitamin C on performance, meat quality, intestinal permeability, and stress indicators in broiler chickens
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of stocking density (SD) and dietary supplementation of vitamin C on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal permeability, and stress indicators in broiler chickens. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 different SD and 2 supplemental levels of dietary vitamin C. A total of 1,368 Ross 308 broiler chickens of 21 days of age with similar body weights (BW) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments with 6 replicates each. Different numbers of birds per identical floor pen (2.0 m × 2.4 m) were used to create 2 different SD levels of low SD (9 birds/m2) and high SD (18 birds/m2). The basal diet was formulated with no supplemental vitamin C to meet or exceed nutrient recommendations of the Ross 308 manual. The other diet was prepared by supplementing 200 mg/kg vitamin C in the basal diet. The study lasted for 14 days. At the end of the study, 3 male birds per replicate were selected to analyze meat quality, intestinal permeability, and stress indicators such as blood heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) and feather corticosterone (CORT) concentrations. Results indicated that there were no interactions between different SD and dietary supplementation of vitamin C for all measurements. For the main effects of SD, birds raised at high SD had less (p < 0.01) BW, BW gain, and feed intake with increasing stress responses including greater blood H:L and feather CORT concentrations (p < 0.01) than those raised at low SD. Transepithelial electrical resistance in the jejunal mucosa was decreased (p < 0.05) at high SD, indicating an increase in intestinal permeability. However, the main effects of dietary supplementation of 200 mg/kg vitamin C were insignificant for all measurements. In conclusion, high SD of broiler chickens impairs growth performance and intestinal barrier function with increasing stress responses. However, dietary supplementation of vitamin C may have little beneficial effects on broiler chickens raised at the high SD condition used in the present study.
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of stocking density (SD) and dietary supplementation of vitamin C on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal permeability, and stress indicators in broiler chickens. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 different SD and 2 supplemental levels of dietary vitamin C. A total of 1,368 Ross 308 broiler chickens of 21 days of age with similar body weights (BW) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments with 6 replicates each. Different numbers of birds per identical floor pen (2.0 m × 2.4 m) were used to create 2 different SD levels of low SD (9 birds/m2) and high SD (18 birds/m2). The basal diet was formulated with no supplemental vitamin C to meet or exceed nutrient recommendations of the Ross 308 manual. The other diet was prepared by supplementing 200 mg/kg vitamin C in the basal diet. The study lasted for 14 days. At the end of the study, 3 male birds per replicate were selected to analyze meat quality, intestinal permeability, and stress indicators such as blood heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) and feather corticosterone (CORT) concentrations. Results indicated that there were no interactions between different SD and dietary supplementation of vitamin C for all measurements. For the main effects of SD, birds raised at high SD had less (p < 0.01) BW, BW gain, and feed intake with increasing stress responses including greater blood H:L and feather CORT concentrations (p < 0.01) than those raised at low SD. Transepithelial electrical resistance in the jejunal mucosa was decreased (p < 0.05) at high SD, indicating an increase in intestinal permeability. However, the main effects of dietary supplementation of 200 mg/kg vitamin C were insignificant for all measurements. In conclusion, high SD of broiler chickens impairs growth performance and intestinal barrier function with increasing stress responses. However, dietary supplementation of vitamin C may have little beneficial effects on broiler chickens raised at the high SD condition used in the present study.
참고문헌 (39)
- S. Buijs, "Stocking density effects on broiler welfare: Identifying sensitive ranges for different indicators", Poultry Science, 88(8), pp.1536~1543 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Diego Puron, "Broiler Performance at Different Stocking Densities", Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 4(1), pp.55~60 (1995), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- I. Estevez, "Density Allowances for Broilers: Where to Set the Limits?", Poultry Science, 86(6), pp.1265~1272 (2007), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- S. Zuowei, "Stocking density affects the growth performance of broilers in a sex-dependent fashion", Poultry Science, 90(7), pp.1406~1415 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- R Selvam, "Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation and High Stocking Density on the Performance and Stress Parameters of Broilers", Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 19(4), pp.587~594 (2017), FapUNIFESP (SciELO)[DOI]
- D Goo, "Effect of stocking density and sex on growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens", Poultry Science, 98(3), pp.1153~1160 (2019), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Ahmadu S, "An overview of vitamin C as an antistress in poultry", Malays J Vet Res, 7, pp.9~22 (2016)
- Jie Wei, "Association between Dietary Vitamin C Intake and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study among Middle-Aged and Older Adults", PLOS ONE, 11(1), pp.e0147985~ (2016), Public Library of Science (PLoS)[DOI]
- K Mahmoud, "Effect of ascorbic acid and acute heat exposure on heat shock protein 70 expression by young white Leghorn chickens", Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 136(4), pp.329~335 (2003), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- C.C. Whitehead, "An update on ascorbic acid in poultry", World's Poultry Science Journal, 59(2), pp.161~184 (2003), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- H.L. STILBORN, "Ascorbic Acid and Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) in the Diet of Broilers Maintained Under Heat Stress Conditions", Poultry Science, 67(8), pp.1183~1187 (1988), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- H.R. Kutlu, "Changes in growth and blood parameters in heat-stressed broiler chicks in response to dietary ascorbic acid", Livestock Production Science, 36(4), pp.335~350 (1993), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- F. Rafiee, "Effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin C on performance and immunity of heat-stressed broilers", Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 100(5), pp.807~812 (2016), Wiley[DOI]
- Wang B, "Effects of dietary tryptophan and stocking density on the performance, meat quality, and metabolic status of broilers", J Anim Sci Biotechnol, 5, pp.44~ (2014)[DOI]
- Doyun Goo, "Effect of heat stress and stocking density on growth performance, breast meat quality, and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens", Animals, 9(3), pp.107~ (2019), MDPI AG[DOI]
- Aviagen, "Ross 308 AP Broiler : nutrition specifications" (2017), Ross Breeders
- National Research Council, "Nutrient requirements of poultry" (1994), National Academy Press
- J.D. Lohakare, "Effects of Supplemental Ascorbic Acid on the Performance and Immunity of Commercial Broilers", Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 14(1), pp.10~19 (2005), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- 김종혁, "Effect of dietary calcium concentrations in low non-phytate phosphorus diets containing phytase on growth performance, bone mineralization, litter quality, and footpad dermatitis incidence in growing broiler chickens", Animal Bioscience, 30(7), pp.979~984 (2017), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- T. L. Lentfer, "H", L ratio as a measurement of stress in laying hens – methodology and reliability, 2015, pp.56(2), 157~163[DOI]
- Özcan Cengiz, "Effect of dietary probiotic and high stocking density on the performance, carcass yield, gut microflora, and stress indicators of broilers", Poultry Science, 94(10), pp.2395~2403 (2015), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- G. R. Bortolotti, "Corticosterone in feathers is a long-term, integrated measure of avian stress physiology", Functional Ecology, 22(3), pp.494~500 (2008), Wiley[DOI]
- Mohammad Ataallahi, "Effects of feather processing methods on quantity of extracted corticosterone in broiler chickens", 한국축산학회지, 62(6), pp.884~892 (2020), 한국축산학회[DOI]
- Yan Bin Shen, "Dietary L-Tryptophan Supplementation with Reduced Large Neutral Amino Acids Enhances Feed Efficiency and Decreases Stress Hormone Secretion in Nursery Pigs under Social-Mixing Stress", The Journal of Nutrition, 142(8), pp.1540~1546 (2012), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Ding X.M., "Vitamin E improves antioxidant status but not lipid metabolism in laying hens fed a aged corn-containing diet", Animal Bioscience, 34(2), pp.276~284 (2021), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- M. Shakeri, "Response to dietary supplementation of l-glutamine and l-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under hot, humid tropical conditions", Poultry Science, 93(11), pp.2700~2708 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- JJ Feddes, "Broiler performance, body weight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities", Poultry Science, 81(6), pp.774~779 (2002), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Pardis Najafi, "Environmental temperature and stocking density effects on acute phase proteins, heat shock protein 70, circulating corticosterone and performance in broiler chickens", International Journal of Biometeorology, 59(11), pp.1577~1583 (2015), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
- M Qaid, "Effect of Stocking Density on the Performance and Immunity of 1- to 14-d- Old Broiler Chicks", Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 18(4), pp.683~692 (2016), FapUNIFESP (SciELO)[DOI]
- R.U. Khan, "Effect of ascorbic acid in heat-stressed poultry", World's Poultry Science Journal, 68(3), pp.477~490 (2012), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- Liping Gan, "Ascorbic acid synthesis and transportation capacity in old laying hens and the effects of dietary supplementation with ascorbic acid", Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 9(1), pp.71~ (2018), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
- Wenjia Li, "Effect of stocking density and alpha-lipoic acid on the growth performance, physiological and oxidative stress and immune response of broilers", Animal Bioscience, 32(12), pp.1914~1922 (2019), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Tong Xing, "Stress Effects on Meat Quality: A Mechanistic Perspective", Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 18(2), pp.380~401 (2019), Wiley[DOI]
- P.E. Simitzis, "Impact of stocking density on broiler growth performance, meat characteristics, behavioural components and indicators of physiological and oxidative stress", British Poultry Science, 53(6), pp.721~730 (2012), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- G. P. Lambert, "Stress-induced gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction and its inflammatory effects1", Journal of Animal Science, 87(suppl_14), pp.E101~E108 (2009), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- C.H. Hu, "Effects of zinc oxide-montmorillonite hybrid on growth performance, intestinal structure, and function of broiler chicken", Poultry Science, 92(1), pp.143~150 (2013), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- ASHKAN FARHADI, "Intestinal barrier: An interface between health and disease", Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 18(5), pp.479~497 (2003), Wiley[DOI]
- I. Placha, "Effect of thyme essential oil and selenium on intestine integrity and antioxidant status of broilers", British Poultry Science, 55(1), pp.105~114 (2014), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- John X. Wilson, "REGULATION OF VITAMIN C TRANSPORT", Annual Review of Nutrition, 25(1), pp.105~125 (2005), Annual Reviews[DOI]
