폐구균의 혈청형 분포와 항생제 감수성
Serotype and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae
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목 적 : 폐구균은 소아에서 지역사회 획득 폐렴 및 침습성 세균 감염 질환의 가장 흔한 원인 균주이다. 현재까지 90개의 혈청형이 알려져 있는데, 시대와 지역에 따라 혈청형 분포의 차이를 보인다. 현재 7가 폐구균 단백 결합 백신이 사용 중인데, 그 효용성을 정확히 판단하기 위해서는 각 지역의 폐구균 혈청형 분포에 대한 연구가 필수적이다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 9월부터 2005년 7월까지 신촌세브란스 병원에 내원하여 배양 검사 상 폐구균 감염이 확진된 308명의 환자로부터 분리된 폐구균의 혈청형 분석과 항생제 감수성 조사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 폐구균은 객담(62.3%)에서 분리된 경우가 가장 많았고, 혈액(13.0%), 이루(11.0%), 인두(3.9%) 등의 순이었다. 265주에서 혈청형 분석이 가능하였는데, 19F (16.2 %), 19A (12.8%), 23F (8.7%), 6B (7.9%), 6A (7.2%) 및 3(6.0%)의 순으로 나타났다. 15세 이하 소아에서는 52주에서 혈청형 분석이 시행되었는데, 19F, 19A, 23F, 14, 6B, 6A, 4 및 11A의 순이었다. 페니실린 내성률은 64.6%였으며, 소아 환자의 경우 67.3%였는데, 2세 이하 소아의 경우 78.1%의 높은 페니실린 내성률을 나타내었다. 이를 혈청형 별로 살펴보면 흔하게 분리되는 균일수록 더 높은 항생제 내성률을 나타내었다. 다제 내성 폐구균의 빈도는 64.7%로 나타났다. 7가 폐구균 단백 결합 백신에 포함되는 혈청형은 전체의 48.3%였으며, 소아의 경우 61.5 %로 나타났다.
Abstract
Background : Pneumococcus is the most common cause of acute otitis media, community acquired pneumonia and invasive bacterial diseases in children. Ninety serotypes have been identified, and the distribution differs according to geographic area and ages. The 7 valent pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine is used widely. To evaluate the efficacy of the vaccine, it is essential to investigate the distribution of the pneumococcal serotypes. Materials and Methods : The serotypes and antibiotic resistance of the pneumococcus isolated from 308 patients at Shinchon Severance hospital from September of 2001 to July of 2005 were analyzed. Results : The pneumococcci were isolated mostly from sputum and blood, and ear discharge in the descending order. Serotyping was possible in 265 cases, and the distribution of serotypes were 19F (16.2%), 19A (12.8%), 23F (8.7%), 6B (7.9%), and 6A (7.2%). Fifty two cases were isolated from those patients less than 16 years of age and the distribution of serotypes was 19F, 19A, 23F, 14, 6B, 6A and 4. Resistance to penicillin was 64.6% in all cases and 67.3% in children. The more common serotype showed the higher rate of penicillin resistance. Multi-drug resistance was demonstrated in 64.7%. Forty three percent of the total identified serotypes were included in the 7 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. And 61.5% of the serotypes identified in children were included in the vaccine. Conclusion : The 7 valent vaccine may be used effetively in Korea. But, further study is needed to address serotype switching after the use of the protein conjugated vaccine, which has been reported in other countries.
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