杜甫 秦州·同谷 時期 詩에 나타난 공간의 이중성

Abstract

This paper examined the poems of Qinzhou(秦州)-Tonggu(同谷) period of Du Fu(杜甫) from the point of view of space. It was a turning point of his life that he had left Huazhou(華州) and moved to Qinzhou. Du fu became a complex figure after resigning from the public office in Huazhou, for he was no more an enthusiast for an ideal society that he used to be. Qinzhou and Tonggu in Rongyou(隴右) District provided Du Fu with literary nourishment as unfamiliar spaces that arouse the appetite for writing poems. As a result, his poems could be extended not only to landscape or frontier poetry, but to lyric poetry that mirrored the feelings of an ordinary people, standing aside from the large discourse of patriotism. But the evaluation of later critics to the poems of Qinzhou-Tonggu period of Du Fu did not seem to be as much favorable nonetheless their amazing characteristics of changing the poetical style. They were only titled ‘poems in a transition period’ from the majority of critics. This imbalance between prolificacy and reputation of the poems of Qinzhou-Tonggu period of Du Fu had given an impulsion to many researchers. So I have examined these poems to get the answers of this question, and found that there were two sides for Du Fu to recognize Qinzhou and Tonggu as literature spaces. In other words, Qinzhou and Tonggu were abstract spaces in one sense, also real spaces in another. Throughout the whole poems of Qinzhou-Tonggu period, their duality brought some confusion when the readers try to catch the identity of these poems. Especially, Du Fu seemed to have little ‘place attachment’ to Qinzhou and Tonggu in contrast with Chengdu(成都) in Sichuan(四川) District, and this might to have a decisive effect on critical evaluations. In brief, Qinzhou and Tonggu were only unfamiliar ‘spaces’, could not be ‘places’ in terms of Yifu Tuan, a Chinese-American geographer.