VANET 환경을 위한 계층적 구조의 익명 인증 기술
An Anonymous Authentication in the Hierarchy for VANET
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초록
VANET(Vehicular Ad hoc Network)에서 안전한 통신을 지원하기 위해 차량 간 또는 차량과 기반 구조 사이에서 교환되는 메시지는 인증이 반드시 수행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 VANET 환경을 위한 계층적 구조의 익명 인증 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템 모델은 계층적으로 비밀키를 발급하여 기존 시스템의 문제점인 PKG의 오버헤드를 줄여 실용성을 높인다. 또한 페어링을 사용하지 않고 설계된 효율적인 2레벨 계층적 ID 기반 서명(Two-Level Hierarchical Identity-Based Signature, TLHIBS) 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 조건부익명성을 만족하여 차량의 프라이버시를 보호하고, 일괄검증(batch verification)을 지원하여 다수의 서명을 효율적으로 검증할 수 있다. 마지막으로 기존의 VAENT 환경에서 ID 기반 서명 기법들의 안전성 증명이 잘못된 것과는 다르게 제안한 기법의 안전성은 이산 대수 문제(Discrete Logarithm Problem, DLP)에 리덕션되어 랜덤 오라클 모델(random oracle model)에서 증명된다.
Abstract
In order to support secure communication in VANET(Vehicular Ad hoc Network), messages exchanged between vehiclesor between vehicle and infrastructure must be authenticated. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical anonymousauthentication system for VANET. The proposed system model reduces the overhead of PKG, which is a problem ofprevious system, by generating private keys hierarchically, thereby enhancing practicality. We also propose a two-levelhierarchical identity-based signature(TLHIBS) scheme without pairings so that improve efficiency. The proposed schemeprotects the privacy of the vehicle by satisfying conditional privacy and supports batch verification so that efficiently verifiesmultiple signatures. Finally, The security of the proposed scheme is proved in the random oracle model by reducing thediscrete logarithm problem(DLP) whereas the security proof of the previous ID-based signatures for VANET was incomplete.
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