개방형 과학 탐구를 위한 효과적인 지도 전략의 탐색 - 과학고등학교의 KYPT문제 해결 사례를 중심으로-
Searching for Effective Strategies on Teaching Open-Inquiry -Based on Cases of a Science High School Carrying Out KYPT Problem Solving Activities-
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초록
본 연구에서는 개방형 탐구문제를 해결하는 과정에서 학생들이 실제 어떠한 어려움에 직면하고 어떠한해결 전략이 효과적이었는지에 대한 학생과 교사의 인식을 비교해 봄으로써, 효과적인 개방형 탐구의 지도 전략을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구대상이 된 과학고등학교 학생들은 KYPT 개방형 탐구 문제 해결과정을겪으며 공통적으로‘실험’단계에서 어려움을 겪었다고 이야기한 반면, 지도 교사들은 학생들이‘자료 해석’이나‘결론 도출’에서 어려움을 겪었다고 인식하고 있었다. 개방형 탐구 문제 해결 전략에 대해서는학생들은‘팀원들 간의 토의’가 가장 활용 빈도가 높았으며, 또한 효과적이라고 답한 반면, 교사들은‘교재 및 논문’이나‘지도교사와의 토의’의 전략이 효과적이라고 답하여 학생들과 인식차이를 보였다. 교사들은 학생들이 효과적인 해결전략이라고 이야기했던‘팀원들 간의 토의’에 대해 학생들만큼 효과적이라고생각하지 않고 있었다. 그러나 학생들이 공통적으로도움을 받았다고 답변한‘팀원들 간의 토의’에 주목할필요가 있으며, 학생들이 개별적인 문제를 해결하는상황에서도 팀을 구성하여 팀원들 간의 토의가 활발히 일어나도록 장려해 줄 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to search for effective strategies on teaching open-inquiry by comparing students' and teachers' recognition of its difficulties and helpful strategies. This study focused on the cases of science high school students and their teachers, who carried out open-inquiry to participate in KYPT. This research was conducted through participant observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The research findings were as follows:students stated that planning and doing experiments were the most difficult parts, whereas teachers viewed that their students had difficulties in analyzing data and making a conclusion. With respect to the effective strategy, students stated that they gained many ideas from peer discussions although they have had to carry out their individual tasks. On the contrary, teachers thought that reference materials and the discussions with teachers were most helpful. There were clear differences between students' and their teachers' recognition toward open-inquiry and the gap needs to be closed. Consequently, it would be useful to guide students to form teams and to spend more time in peer discussions especially when doing experiments and to encourage teachers to understand students' actual difficulties and needs.
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