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예비 초등교사들의 동료 탐구 수업 비평 분석

Analysis of Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Critiques of Peers’ Inquiry-Based Instruction

이신영
한국과학교육학회 (The Korean Association for Science Education)|2019.06|한국과학교육학회지 (Journal of the Korean Association for Science Education)|제39권 제3호|pp. 389-403|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14697/jkase.2019.39.3.389

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키워드

orientation수업 비평예비 초등교사preservice elementary teacher탐구 수업수업 실연inquiry-based instruction교수지향탐구 수업에 대한 이해peer critiqueimplementation of inquiry instructionepistemic understanding of inquiry-based instruction
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 예비 초등교사들의 과학 탐구 수업 비평 기준과 비평에서 드러나는 특성을 탐색하는 것이다. 연구에 참여한 예비 초등교사들은 초등과학 탐구 수업 강의를 수강하는 교육대학교 2학년 31명의 학생들로 2-3인이 한 조로 과학 탐구 수업을 설계 및 시연하였 다. 예비교사들은 동료가 시연한 과학 탐구 수업에 학생 입장으로 참여하였으며, 매 수업이 끝난 이후에 시연된 수업에 대해 비평을 하였다. 예비교사들의 동료 수업 비평을 분석한 결과, 예비교사들은 수업 맥락, 과학 내용, 교수 전략, 학습자, 교육 목표, 비언어적 태도, 평가 기준 순으로 비평하였으며, 전반적으로 구성주의 관점을 가지고 학생 중심과 활동 중심의 교육관이 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 예비교사들의 비평 내용을 분석한 결과, 수업 비평 내용에서 강의식, 학문적 엄격성, 활동 중심, 탐구 교수지향이 반영된 것을 확인할 수있었으며 여러 교수지향이 혼재되어 나타나기도 하였다. 과학 탐구 수업 시연이 진행될수록 예비교사들의 비평은 단순히 비판만 하는 것에서 그치지 않고 수업 일반적인 대안과 탐구 수업 특성화된 수업 전략 대안을 제시하였다. 또한, 탐구 수업에 대한 인식적 이해가 높아 지는 증거를 확인할 수 있었는데, 과학 탐구 수업과 관련된 탐구 특이적 비평 기준의 비율 증가 경향성이 나타나고, 교사와 학생 사이의 상호작용에서 모둠 내의 학생들 사이의 상호작용을 강조하는 것이 나타났으며, 실험의 오차를 인식하고 설명하는 것과 관련된 과학의 본성에 대한 이해를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 예비 초등교사 교육에서 탐구 수업 시연과 비평 활동을 통해 탐구 수업에 대한 신념과 이해를 확인하는 것과 함께 이를 발달시킬 수 있는 가능 성을 확인할 수 있었다.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze criteria and characteristics for preservice elementary teachers’ critiques of their peers’ inquiry-based instruction. This study reviews critiques written by 31 preservice elementary teachers enrolled in an elementary school science inquiry methods course wherein the teachers designed and implemented inquiry-based instruction. These preservice teachers participated in inquiry-based instruction as if they were elementary students and then evaluated their peers’ instruction. Analysis of the critiques reveals that preservice teachers evaluated their peers’ instruction on the following criteria: instruction context, science content, teaching strategies, students, instructional goals, non-verbal attitude, and assessment. Their beliefs about teaching science inquiry were reflected in the critiques. Additionally, it was found that four orientation for teaching inquiry-didactic, academic rigor, activity-driven, inquiry orientation-reflected in critiques; some of critiques held more than one of these orientations. And they did not merely criticize but suggested alternatives to general teaching strategies; furthermore, of inquiryinstruction specific teaching strategies. They showed higher epistemic understanding of inquiry-based instruction after mid-term demonstrations. The evidence demonstrated that the proportion of critiques specifically about inquiry-based instruction increased after the mid-term demonstrations. Moreover, the post mid-term critiques emphasized interaction between students as well as understanding of the nature of science. These findings could provide implication for teaching inquiry and criticizing others’ instruction as part of elementary school science courses in preservice elementary teacher education.

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