유아의 철분 영양 상태 및 철분결핍과 관련된 식이요법 분석
Analysis of Dietary Factors Associated with lron Deficiency in Preschool Children
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초록
-연구배경 유아기의 철 결핍성 빈혈은 가장 흔한 영양결핍이지만 유아기 섭식패턴과 관련된 연구는 부족한 실정으로 본 연구에서는 학령전 아동을 대상으로 철분 영양상태를 조사하고 철분 결핍과 관련된 식이요인을 분석하여 향후 유아들의 영양상태 개선 및 영양교육의 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다 .방 법 인천 일부지역 유치원에 다니는 만 3~6세의 유아 128명을 대상으로 신체계측과 24시간 회상법으로 식이섭취를 조사하였고 , 정맥혈을 채취하여 헤모글로빈 , 헤마토크리트치, 혈청 페리틴과 철 및 트랜스페린 포화도를 측정하여 철분 영양상태를 평가하였다 . 또한 철분 결핍과 관련된 식이요인을 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 교차비 (odds ratio)와 95% 신뢰구간으로 분석하였다.결 과 대상자의 철분 영양지표는 평균적으로는 철분 결핍 기준보다 높았으나 혈청 페리틴 (10 ng/㎖미만)과 트랜스페린 포화도 (12%미만)를 기준으로 보았을 때 , 대상자 중 18% 에 해당하는 23명의 유아는 철분 결핍이었다 . 단변량 분석시 철분결핍은 비타민 B6 혹은 비타민 C의 섭취량이 낮을수록 , 과일류와 채소류의 섭취빈도가 낮을수록 발생률이 높았으며 연령 , 설병, 수유방법을 보정하여 다변량 분석을 했을 경우 채소류의 주 4회 미만 섭취에 대한 주 4회 이상 섭취시 교차비가 0.267이었다.
Abstract
Background Iron deficiency remains the most prevalent nutritional deficiency in the world. Especially, iron is very important in preschool children who need it for their growth. This study was performed to investigate the iron status and the dietary factors for iron deficiency in preschool children. Methods One hundred twenty eight preschool children residing in In-chon were selected with age range of 3-6 years. The hematological indices, daily nutrient intakes and food frequency were measured. Results Three poirot one%, 0.8%, 28.9%, 10.9% and 9.4% of the children were less than 11 g/in Hb, 33% in Hct, 60 ㎍/dl in serum iron, 12% for 3-4 years old children or 14% for 5-6 year old children in transferrin saturation and 10 ng/ml in serum ferritin, respectively. Twenty-three of the children (18.0%) showed iron deficiency which was defined by serum ferritin (<10 ng/ml) or transferrin saturation (<12% for 3-4 year old children, <14% for 5-6 year old children). In univariate analysis, iron deficiency was associated with low intake of vitamin B6 or C and low intake frequency of fruits or vegetables. In multivariate analysis, which was adjusted for age, sex and type of feeding method, the odds ratio of comparison of vegetables consumption more than 4 times a week with that less than 4 times a week was 0.267(95% confidence interval 0.077-0.928).
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