일개 지역사회에서 여성의 골 밀도와 체성분과의 관계
Relationship between bone mineral density and body composition in women in a community
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-연구배경 본 연구의 목적은 일개 지역사회 여성의 골밀도와 체성분 간의 관련성을 알아보고 , 이를 통하여 골다공증의 예방요인을 규명하는데 있다. 방 법 2005년 7월 10일부터 15일까지 전라북도 김제지역의 만 40세 이상 70세 이하의 여성 169명을 대상으로 설문조사 , 이중 골밀도 X-선 흡수법을 이용한 골밀도 , 생체전기저항 분석법을 이용한 체성분 등을 조사하였으며 , 이 중 당뇨병 , 갑상선 질환, 류마티스 관절염 등의 과거력이 없으며 칼슘제재 및 기타 약물을 복용하지 않는 성인여성 147명(폐경 전 여성 36명, 폐경 후 여성 111명)을 최종 연구대상으로 하였다 . 결 과 폐경 전 여성에서의 골밀도는 체성분과 연관성을 나타내지 않았으며 , 폐경 후 여성에서의 골밀도는 체성분 중 체지방률을 제외한 체중, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 제지방량, 근육량과 모두 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다 . 폐경 후 여성에서 연령 , 수유기간, 출산력, 운동여부가 포함된 회귀모형에 체중 , 체질량지수, 체지방량, 제지방량, 근육량 등을 추가한 5가지 모델에 대해 다중선형회귀분석을 실시한 결과 , 제지방량과 근육량을 포함한 두 모델의 설명력과 기여도가 가장 높게 나타나 이 두 지표가 골밀도와 보다 큰 관련성이 있는 것으로 조사되었다 . 결 론 폐경 이후 여성의 골 밀도는 체중, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 제지방량, 근육량 등의 체성분에 영향을 미치나, 이 중 특히 제지방량과 근육량이 골 밀도와 보다 큰 연관성이 있으며, 골다공증 예방을 위해서는 제지방량, 특히 근육량을 높이기 위한 적정량의 운동과 음식섭취가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Background : The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between BMD(bone mineral density) and body composition in women in a community and find the protective factor of the osteoporosis. Methods : The study subjects were 36 premenopausal women and 111 postmenopausal women who did not take any drugs and have any diseases affecting BMD. We analyzed the relationship between BMD and body composition. So, BMD was measured at the os calcis with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and body composition was measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results : The mean age of premenopausal women was 46.69 years and postmenopausal women was 60.85 years. There were statistical differences in BMD of the two groups; 0.53±0.08, 0.39±0.10 respectively. In premenopausal women, only age was correlated with BMD(r=-0.366, p<0.05). But in postmenopausal women, age(r=-0.471, p<0.01), parity(r=-0.231, p<0.05), and lactation period(r=-0.247, p<0.05) were negatively correlated with BMD, whereas weight(r=0.481, p<0.01), BMI(r=0.332, p<0.01), fat mass(r=0.370, p<0.01), fat free mass(r=0.536, p<0.01) and muscle mass(r=0.538, p<0.01) were positively correlated with BMD. In a multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by age, parity, lactation period and exercise, total and partial R were 0.422, 0.196 in weight, 0.365, 0.118 in BMI, 0.386, 0.148 in fat mass, 0.410, 0.236 in fat free mass and 0.409, 0.233 in muscle mass respectively. Conclusions : This study suggests that fat free mass and muscle mass, among body compositions, are the major determinants of BMD at the os calcis in postmenopausal women. Thus, we think that proper exercise and diet will be required for increasing fat free mass, especially muscle mass, to prevent the osteoporosis.
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