혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행과 기본심리욕구 만족과의 관련성
The Association of Compliance with Sick Role Behavior with Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs Among Hemodialysis Patients
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연구배경: 본 연구는 혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행과기본심리욕구와의 관계를 알아보고, 환자역할행위 이행에서 기본심리욕구 만족의 설명력을 파악하기 위한 상관성조사연구이다. 방법: 본 연구의 대상은 D와 P시에 소재한 6곳의 병원인공신장실에서 말기신부전으로 진단받고 정규적으로 혈액투석을 받는 환자 중 본 연구의 목적을 이해하고 참여를수락한 109명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 14.0을 이용하여 일반적 특성에 따른 환자역할행위 이행과의 차이 검정은 independent t-test와 one-way analysis of variance로, 혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행과 관련변수 간의 상관관계 분석은 Pearson's correlation analysis로, 혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행에서 기본심리욕구 만족의 설명력 확인은 단계적 회귀분석(multiple stepwise linear regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 결과: 혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행과 기본심리욕구의하위 범주인 자율성, 유능감, 관계성과는 정적 상관관계가있었으며, 환자역할, 자율성(β=0.29, P<0.001)은 11.5%, 연령(β=0.24, P=0.002)은 5%의 설명력을 보였다. 환자역할행위 이행에 대한 예측요인들의 설명력은 38.2%였으며, 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 관계성으로 파악되었다. 결론: 혈액투석환자의 역할행위 이행을 증가시키기 위해서는 기본심리욕구인 자율성, 유능감, 관계성의 욕구를만족시킬 수 있는 간호중재 개발과 환자와의 효율적인 상호관계를 통하여 긍정적인 관계성 욕구만족을 통한 환자역할행위 이행을 높이는 간호전략이 필요하다.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify the association of compliance with sick role behavior with satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and to assess the influence of compliance with sick role behavior among hemodialysis patients. Methods: Participants included 109 patients from outpatient dialysis clinics at 6 major general hospitals located in urban areas in Korea. Data for compliance with sick role behavior and basic psychological needs were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and was analyzed with independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson' correlation analysis, and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. Results: This study showed positive correlations between compliance with sick role behavior and satisfaction of basic psychological needs (r=0.59, P<0.001). The variables predicting compliance with sick role behavior were relatedness (β=0.28), autonomy (β=0.29), competency (β=0.30), and age (β=0.24). These variables accounted for 38.2% of the variance of compliance with sick role behavior in hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: Our results indicated that it is necessary to improve compliance with sick role behaviorin order to increase satisfaction of basic psychological needs in hemodialysis patients.
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