한국 청소년의 외로움과 우울 증상이 스마트폰 과의존에 미치는 영향
Effect of Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms on Smartphone Overdependence among South Korean Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
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연구배경: 본 연구는 청소년건강행태조사 자료를 활용하여 한국 청소년의 우울 증상과 외로움이 스마트폰 과의존에미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 제16차 청소년건강행태조사(2020) 결과를 이차 분석하였다. 연구 대상자는 12-18세 청소년 57,925명이었으며, 코로나바이러스감염증-19가 만연하는 기간인2020년 8-11월에 수집되었다. 우울 증상, 외로움, 스마트폰과의존 간의 관계는 복합표본 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 한국 청소년의 25%가 스마트폰 과의존을 경험하였으며, 여자 청소년은 30.0%, 남자 청소년은 21.2%였다. 스마트폰 과의존은 성별에 관계없이 우울 증상과 외로움에 영향을 받았다. 결론: 청소년의 우울 증상과 외로움을 감소시켜 스마트폰과의존을 해결하기 위한 적절한 개입과 정책이 개발되어야한다. 또한, 청소년의 우울 증상, 외로움, 스마트폰 과의존등의 예방 및 조기 검진을 위한 적절한 조치가 개발되어야하며, 이와 관련된 문제를 최소화하는 데 사회적 관심이 요구된다.
Abstract
Background: This study utilized data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey to determine the impact of depressive symptoms and loneliness on smartphone overdependence among South Korean adolescents. Methods: This study performed a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2020). Data (n=57,925 adolescents aged 12-18 years) were collected from August to November 2020 during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The relationships between depressive symptoms, loneliness, and smartphone overdependence were analyzed using complex sample multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: One-quarter of adolescents had developed smartphone overdependence (30.0% of girls and 21.2% of boys). Smartphone overdependence was influenced by depressive symptoms and loneliness, regardless of sex. Conclusions: Appropriate interventions and policies should be developed to resolve smartphone overdependence by reducing adolescents’ depressive symptoms and loneliness. Appropriate help should be provided to these adolescents to promote good mental health. Psychological vulnerability should be considered when providing educational or health management programs to adolescents. Appropriate measures should be developed for the prevention and early screening of depressive symptoms, loneliness, and smartphone overdependence in adolescents, with increased interest in minimizing the related social problems.
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