개인맞춤형 건강기능식품 추천용 설문지 개발
Development of a Questionnaire for the Personalized Health Functional Food
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연구배경: 최근 셀프메이케이션 트렌드가 확산되면서 건강기능식품 시장에서 개인맞춤형 서비스의 견고한 성장세가 전망된다. 그러나 개인맞춤형 건강기능식품 추천에 필요한 개인의 생활습관이나 건강상태를 파악하기 위한 표준화된 설문지는 아직 개발된 바 없다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 개인맞춤형 건강기능식품 추천에 필요한 개인의 생활습관 및 건강정보를 평가하기 위한 임상적근거 기반의 설문지를 개발하였다. 먼저 건강기능식품 기능성 영역별로 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 항목을 파악하고자관련 문헌 및 이미 개발된 건강 설문지를 분석하였다. 설문지의 타당도를 높이기 위해 일반적인 건강상태를 파악하는공통 설문지와 건강기능식품 기능성 영역별로 생체조절기능의 저하요인 혹은 저하 증상을 파악하는 상세 설문지로분류하여 문항을 선정하였다. 문항별 답안은 건강 관리가필요할수록 높은 점수가 부여되도록 최저 0점부터 최대 1점까지 점수를 구성하였으며, 이후 전문가 검토를 실시하였다. 결과: 최종 공통 설문지는 ‘기본정보’, ‘과거 병력 및 알레르기’, ‘의약품 투약 및 건강기능식품 복용’, ‘식습관’, ‘생활습관’, ‘기능성 선택’의 6개의 범주 내 총 31개 문항으로 구성됐다. 최종 상세 설문지에는 총 171개의 문항이 포함됐으며, 28개의 건강기능식품 기능성 영역별로 건강 유지·증진에 영향을 미치는 개인 특성을 파악하는 생체조절기능 저하요인 문항과 생체조절기능이 정상적으로 이루어지지 않을때 나타나는 신체적·행동적·정신적 자각 증상의 유무와 정도를 파악하는 생체조절기능 저하 증상 문항으로 구성하였다. 건강기능식품 기능성 영역별 상세 설문지로 도출된 개인 설문 점수를 기반으로 해당 기능성 영역의 건강기능식품이 추천된다. 결론: 본 설문지를 이용하면 개인이 건강기능식품 기능성영역과 관련된 지표들로부터 건강상태를 측정할 수 있다. 아울러 설문지의 임상적 유용성을 높이기 위해 실제 임상에서 사용되는 주관적 평가지표에 기반한 문항으로 구성하였다. 추후 연구를 통해 개발한 설문지의 타당도와 신뢰도를검증하고, 이후 개인맞춤형 건강기능식품 사용자를 대상으로 실제 적용해 본 설문지의 타당도를 재검증하는 작업이필요하다. 이러한 과정을 통해 문항을 보완한다면 개인맞춤형 건강기능식품 추천 서비스에 필요한 표준화된 설문지로써 활용 가능성이 높아지리라 기대한다
Abstract
Background: This study describes the development of a multi-dimensional questionnaire for the personalized recommendation of health functional foods. Methods: The questionnaire was designed to include two parts: common and detailed. Each question was formulated based on clinical evidence and physician-administered diagnostic tools provided by reputable sources such as government agencies and medical institutions. The common questions were intended to assess overall health status. The detailed questions were organized into 28 categories based on the classification of health functional foods’ health claims by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Each question’s response was evaluated on a scale from 0 to 1. The final score of each category was calculated as the sum of the scores normalized by the number of questions in each category. Two expert physicians in health functional food assessed the content validity of the questionnaire, and the questionnaire was revised accordingly. Results: A total of 31 common questions evaluated overall health conditions based on demographic information, medical history, allergies, prescription medicines, dietary habits, and lifestyle. A question that surveys interest areas was also included to let the responders choose up to three categories for the detailed question part. A total of 173 detailed questions assessed risk factors and symptoms relevant to each healthConclusions: This questionnaire recommends health functional foods by measuring health risks and symptoms, following the classification of health functional foods by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. This questionnaire may serve as an evidence-based information collecting tool for a personalized health functional foods recommendation system.
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