The antibacterial effect of xanthorrhizol as an endodontic irrigant on Enterococcus faecalis
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of xanthorrhizol (XTZ) on E. faecalis, compared with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods Normal physiological state (NS), starvation state (SS), and alkalization state (AS) of E. faecalis were used. A solution containing 1% XTZ in 30% ethanol, 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 100 mg/ml sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was used and is referred to as Xan in this study. To determine the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Xan and CHX, 500 of E. faecalis (NS and two stress states) was added to a microtube containing 500 of serial 2-fold dilutions of 1% Xan and 2% CHX (1:2-1:128). The MBC of each antimicrobial was determined by the plate count method. Results The antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective on E. faecalis in AS than in the other states (NS, SS) at 0.125% Xan and 0.03325% Xan (P<0.05). In contrast, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective against E. faecalis in SS than the other states (NS, AS) at 0.0625% CHX (P<0.05). In SS, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective than that of Xan at 0.125% and 0.0625% (P<0.05). However, in AS, the antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective than that of CHX at 0.0625% and 0.03325% (P<0.05). Conclusions In endodontic retreatment cases in which it is important to effectively remove E. faecalis from the infected root canal, Xan may be more suitable when combined with NaOCl than CHX.
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of xanthorrhizol (XTZ) on E. faecalis, compared with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods Normal physiological state (NS), starvation state (SS), and alkalization state (AS) of E. faecalis were used. A solution containing 1% XTZ in 30% ethanol, 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 100 mg/ml sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was used and is referred to as Xan in this study. To determine the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Xan and CHX, 500 of E. faecalis (NS and two stress states) was added to a microtube containing 500 of serial 2-fold dilutions of 1% Xan and 2% CHX (1:2-1:128). The MBC of each antimicrobial was determined by the plate count method. Results The antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective on E. faecalis in AS than in the other states (NS, SS) at 0.125% Xan and 0.03325% Xan (P<0.05). In contrast, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective against E. faecalis in SS than the other states (NS, AS) at 0.0625% CHX (P<0.05). In SS, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective than that of Xan at 0.125% and 0.0625% (P<0.05). However, in AS, the antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective than that of CHX at 0.0625% and 0.03325% (P<0.05). Conclusions In endodontic retreatment cases in which it is important to effectively remove E. faecalis from the infected root canal, Xan may be more suitable when combined with NaOCl than CHX.
참고문헌 (44)
- Kakehashi S, "The effects of surgical exposures of dental pulps in germ-free and conventional laboratory rats", Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 20, pp.340~349 (1965)
- Friedman S, "Success and failure of initial endodontic therapy", Ont Dent, 74, pp.35~38 (1997)
- Brown LJN, "The Economics of Endodontics" (2003), American Association of Endodontics
- Ng YL, "Outcome of primary root canal treatment:systematic review of the literature -- Part 2. Influence of clinical factors", Int Endod J, 41, pp.6~31 (2008)
- Nair PN, "On the causes of persistent apical periodontitis: a review", Int Endod J, 39, pp.249~281 (2006)
- Stuart CH, "Enterococcus faecalis: its role in root canal treatment failure and current concepts in retreatment", J Endod, 32, pp.93~98 (2006)
- Rince A, "Physiological and molecular aspects of bile salt response in Enterococcus faecalis", Int J Food Microbiol, 88, pp.207~213 (2003)
- Nakajo K, "Resistance to acidic and alkaline environments in the endodontic pathogen Enterococcus faecalis", Oral Microbiol Immunol, 21, pp.283~288 (2006)
- Mah TF, "Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents", Trends Microbiol, 9, pp.34~39 (2001)
- Siqueira JF Jr., "Evaluation of the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite used with three irrigation methods in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal, in vitro", Int Endod J, 30, pp.279~282 (1997)
- Hulsmann M, "Complications during root canal irrigation -- literature review and case reports", Int Endod J, 33, pp.186~193 (2000)
- Sundqvist G, "Microbiologic analysis of teeth with failed endodontic treatment and the outcome of conservative re-treatment", Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 85, pp.86~93 (1998)
- Evanov C, "Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine gluconate irrigants at 37 degrees C and 46 degrees C", J Endod, 30, pp.653~657 (2004)
- Mohammadi Z, "Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine as a root canal irrigant: a literature review", J Oral Sci, 56, pp.99~103 (2014)
- Basrani BR, "Interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate", J Endod, 33, pp.966~969 (2007)
- Krishnamurthy S, "Evaluation and prevention of the precipitate formed on interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine", J Endod, 36, pp.1154~1157 (2010)
- Prado M, "Interactions between irrigants commonly used in endodontic practice: a chemical analysis", J Endod, 39, pp.505~510 (2013)
- Hwang JK, "Xanthorrhizol: a potential antibacterial agent from Curcuma xanthorrhiza against Streptococcus mutans", Planta Med, 66, pp.196~197 (2000)
- Choi MA, "Xanthorrhizol, a natural sesquiterpenoid from Curcuma xanthorrhiza, has an anti-metastatic potential in experimental mouse lung metastasis model", Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 326, pp.210~217 (2005)
- Kim SH, "Xanthorrhizol has a potential to attenuate the high dose cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice", Food Chem Toxicol, 43, pp.117~122 (2005)
- Itokawa H, "Studies on the antitumor bisabolane sesquiterpenoids isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza", Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 33, pp.3488~3492 (1985)
- Claeson P, "Three nonphenolic diarylheptanoids with anti-inflammatory activity from Curcuma xanthorrhiza", Planta Med, 59, pp.451~454 (1993)
- Claeson P, "Nonphenolic linear diarylheptanoids from Curcuma xanthorrhiza: a novel type of topical antiinflammatory agents: structure-activity relationship", Planta Med, 62, pp.236~240 (1996)
- Jung-Eun Kim, "Antibacterial Characteristics of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Extract on Streptococcus mutans Biofilm", The Journal of Microbiology, 46(2), pp.228~232 (2008), 한국미생물학회
- 황수정, "Curcuma xanthorrhiza oil 및 죽염배합세치제의 치은염억제효과", 대한구강보건학회지, 29(4), pp.451~462 (2005), 대한예방치과·구강보건학회
- Hwang JK, "Antibacterial activity of xanthorrhizol from Curcuma xanthorrhiza against oral pathogens", Fitoterapia, 71, pp.321~323 (2000)
- Tong Z, "In vitro evaluation of MTAD and nisin in combination against common pathogens associated with root canal infection", J Endod, 38, pp.490~494 (2012)
- Peters OA, "Current challenges and concepts in the preparation of root canal systems: a review", J Endod, 30, pp.559~567 (2004)
- Carrotte P, "Endodontics: Part 1. The modern concept of root canal treatment", Br Dent J, 197, pp.181~183 (2004)
- Rocas IN, "Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases", J Endod, 30, pp.315~320 (2004)
- Portenier I, "The susceptibility of starved, stationary phase, and growing cells of Enterococcus faecalis to endodontic medicaments", J Endod, 31, pp.380~386 (2005)
- Kobayashi H, "A proton-translocating ATPase regulates pH of the bacterial cytoplasm", J Biol Chem, 260, pp.72~76 (1985)
- Kakinuma Y, "Potassium", proton antiport system of growing Enterococcus hirae at high pH, 1995, pp.177, 2227~2229
- Hartke A, "Survival of Enterococcus faecalis in an oligotrophic microcosm : changes in morphology, development of general stress resistance, and analysis of protein synthesis", Appl Environ Microbiol, 64, pp.4238~4245 (1998)
- Liu H, "Biofilm formation capability of Enterococcus faecalis cells in starvation phase and its susceptibility to sodium hypochlorite", J Endod, 36, pp.630~635 (2010)
- Giard JC, "Starvation-induced multiresistance in Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2", Curr Microbiol, 32, pp.264~271 (1996)
- Greenstein G, "Chlorhexidine. An adjunct to periodontal therapy", J Periodontol, 57, pp.370~377 (1986)
- Emilson CG, "Susceptibility of various microorganisms to chlorhexidine", Scand J Dent Res, 85, pp.255~265 (1977)
- Chhabra RS, "Carcinogenicity of p-chloroaniline in rats and mice", Food Chem Toxicol, 29, pp.119~124 (1991)
- Tavtigian SV, "International Agency for Research on Cancer workshop on 'Expression array analyses in breast cancer taxonomy'", Breast Cancer Res, 8, pp.303~ (2006)
- Rukayadi Y, "In vitro activity of xanthorrhizol against Streptococcus mutans biofilms", Lett Appl Microbiol, 42, pp.400~404 (2006)
- Chami N, "Study of anticandidal activity of carvacrol and eugenol in vitro and in vivo", Oral Microbiol Immunol, 20, pp.106~111 (2005)
- Rukayadi Y, "In vitro activity of xanthorrhizol isolated from the rhizome of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) against Candida albicans biofilms", Phytother Res, 27, pp.1061~1066 (2013)
- Peciuliene V, "Microorganisms in root canal infections: a review", Stomatologija, 10, pp.4~9 (2008)