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기업의 사회적 책임(CSR) 활동에서 인식가능성 효과가 기업이미지에 미치는 영향: 적합성과 성별의 상호작용을 중심으로

A Study on the Evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Image through Identifiability Effect

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주제분류경제학

초록

기업의 사회적 책임 활동이 공익적 가치 실현과 더불어 경영 성과에도 긍정적인 영향을 주는 연구결과들이 도출됨에 따라 기업들은 경영 성과에 도움을 줄 수 있는 효과적인 기업의 사회적 책임 활동에 주목하고 있다. 기업의 관점에서 어떠한 사회적 책임 활동을 할 것인가 만큼 중요한 것이 어떻게 소비자에게 알릴 것인가에 대한 문제이다. 본 연구는 기업의 사회적 책임 활동을 홍보함에 있어 수혜자가 어떠한 형식으로 제시되는가에 따른 소비자의 반응을 살펴보았다. 즉 기부관련 상황에서 수혜자를 통계적 수치(혹은 불특정 집단)로 제시하는 경우보다 특정 한 명으로 제시하는 경우 친사회적 행동을 유발한다는 인식가능성 효과에 대한 선행연구를 기반으로 기업의 사회적 책임 활동에 대한 수혜자를 달리 제시하였을 경우의 소비자 반응을 관찰하였다. 이와 더불어 적합성과 성별에 따른 상호작용 효과도 살펴보고자 하였다. 실험 결과, 사회적 책임 활동의 수혜자를 불특정 다수로 제시하였을 때보다 특정 한 명을 제시하였을 때 기업 이미지가 긍정적으로 나타났으며 남성보다 여성의 경우에, 그리고 적합도가 높은 경우에 더 긍정적인 기업 이미지를 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 여성의 경우, 수혜자를 특정 한 명으로 제시하였을 때보다 불특정 다수로 제시하였을 때 긍정적인 반응을 보였으며, 남성의 경우, 불특정 다수로 제시하였을 때 더 긍정적인 반응을 보여 여성과 남성에 있어서 인식가능성 효과는 대조를 이루고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 사회적 책임 활동의 우수한 성과를 기대하는 기업들에게 커뮤니케이션 측면에서 고찰할 수 있는 기회를 만드는데 기여하고자 한다.

Abstract

From marketing perspective, it is becoming very important that CSR (corporate social responsibility) plays an important role on how company communicates with customers. In this study, we examined the identifiability effect and moderating effects of congruence and gender in CSR communication. The results of this study have showed that respondents evaluated the corporate image more positively in the case of identifiable victim condition than in statistical victim condition. Under the high congruence condition, they evaluated the corporate image more positively than under the low congruence condition. Interestingly, women showed more positive response than man toward the influence of corporate social responsibility. One of the interesting findings of this study is that identifiable victim effect has been presented more animatedly in the case of female consumers, whereas statistical victim showed more animatedly in the case of male consumers. Thus, we have verified that identifiable victim effect presented a contrast between men and women. Markeing implications of the study were also discussed.

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