여성 소비자의 모피의류 구매 영향요인 분석: 천연모피와 인조모피 비교를 중심으로
Understanding Fur Clothing Consumption: A Comparison Between Real Fur and Faux Fur
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 생산과정에서 동물학대라는 비윤리성 문제가 제기되는 천연모피와 그 대안으로 개발된 인조모피 의류에 대한 소비자 반응을 탐색하고, 소비자의 천연모피와 인조모피 의류 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 온라인 설문조사를 통해 수집한 20대에서 50대 여성 소비자 총 390명의 응답 자료를 기술통계 분석, 분산분석 및 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과와 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진귀적 가치와 모피 친숙도는 천연모피와 인조모피 구매의도에 모두 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 소재와 관계없이 모피의류 선택에 영향을 주는 제품 속성 차원의 포괄적 요인이 존재함을 시사한다. 둘째, 주관적 규범은 천연모피 구매의도에는 부적 영향을, 인조모피 구매의도에는 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 주관적 규범은 인조모피 구매의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변수로, 소비자들의 인조모피 선택이 개인의 소비가치, 제품에 대한 친숙도나 지식수준보다 규범에 순응하고 타인에게 인정받고자 하는 동기에 의한 결과일 수 있음을 보여준다. 셋째, 윤리적 소비와 관련된 변수인 윤리적 가치와 모피 생산과정 지식수준은 천연모피 구매의도를 유의하게 낮추는 반면, 인조모피 구매의도에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이는 천연모피의 비윤리성이 소비자의 구매의사결정을 방해하는 요소가 될 수 있으나, 인조모피가 천연모피 의류의 윤리적인 대안으로 인식되는가에 대해서는 추가적인 연구가 요구됨을 시사한다. 본 연구는 천연모피와 인조모피 의류구매에 영향을 미치는 요인을 함께 고려하여 윤리적 소비에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히며, 향후 윤리적 패션 전개의 방향성을 수립하는데 있어서 실무적 시사점을 제공한다는 점에서 의의를 가진다.
Abstract
Many of the methods used to obtain the fur can cause extreme suffering for the animals, and damage to the environment. Millions of animals are brutally murdered every year for the fur on their backs, and methods used cause pollution as well. The faux fur have developed as alternatives for unethical practices in fur clothing. Many fashion designers and brands continue to introduce various faux fur clothing and promote their efforts to protect the well-being of animals. Therefore, it needs to be explored consumers' fur clothing consumption by fur types(i. e., real fur and faux fur) to understand the potentials of faux fur clothing as alternatives for real fur clothing. This study aims to explore consumer response to fur clothing and to compare the factors affecting consumer purchase intention of real fur and faux fur. The conceptual model and hypotheses were developed based on the previous studies and data was collected using a self-administered online survey of 390 female consumers between ages of 20 and 59. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, epistemic value and fur familiarity positively impacted on purchase intention of both real fur and faux fur. This implies that some product attributes have general impact on fur clothing consumption regardless of the fur types. Second, subjective norm negatively affected the purchase intention of real fur, whereas it positively affected purchase intention of faux fur. In particular, subjective norm was most influential predictor to the purchase intention of faux fur. This shows that consumers' choice of faux fur could be accelerated by their motivation to be conformed of their fur consumption by important others. Third, ethical value and knowledge about the process of fur clothing production significantly reduced the intention to purchase real fur, whereas they did not affect the intention to purchase faux fur. This finding suggests that consumers' perception of unethical aspects of real fur can be a factor to hinder the choice of real fur. However, these ethical considerations did not influence the purchase intention of faux fur. Further study is required to explore consumer behavior focused on the potentials of faux fur as the ethical alternatives for real fur. Academically, this study provides deeper understanding of ethical fashion consumption with the predictors of the consumers' purchase intention of real fur and faux fur. Practically, this study can be helpful of industry and policy makers to develop the strategies and related campaign of ethical fashion.
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