예자오옌⋅쑤퉁⋅김영하 소설의 염세적 서사 ― 중편소설 「주이웨러우」(1991), 「대추나무 이야기」(1992), 장편소설 『 쌀』(1991), 장편소설 『 나는 나를 파괴할 권리가 있다』(1996)를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper studied the pessimistic narration of Ye Zhao-Yan, Su-Tong, Kim Young-Ha novel from the viewpoint of three categories such as ruined family history, death and female. In ruined family history, this paper explained that Ye Zhao-Yan and Su-Tong are representative novelists who described the ruined history in Chinese literary circle of the 90s. That history was reduced to the family history. Ye Zhao-Yan described the downfall of Confucian scholar or nobleman, while Su-Tong described the downfall of subaltern. Ye Zhao-Yan novel had more the majority narration and historicity than Su-Tong. The family of Kim Young-Ha novel was a mere group of a solitary individual who lacked family affection. In death, this paper explained that the characters of Ye Zhao-Yan, Su-Tong novel died suddenly as well as frequently. The common feature of their death was the fortuity, destiny and futility. However, the death of Ye Zhao-Yan novel was related to a historical event, while that of Su-Tong novel was not. The death of Kim Young-Ha novel was quite different from both of them. The character of Kim Young-Ha novel could choose the time and way to die making death transferred from God realm to human realm. This kind of death not only was contrary to death drive but also had the meaning of sanctuary of life. In female, this paper researched that Ye Zhao-Yan and Su-Tong put a lot of effort into making women image as the last writer of southern region. The females of Ye Zhao-Yan novel had Confucian traditional women image or became corrupt from traditional virtue, while the females of Su-Tong novel made the males corrupt by means of their own desire as voluptuous, cruel women image. The females of Kim Young-Ha novel had an experience of juvenile deviation. They were placed in a mental state of low self-confidence and in a fundamental depressive state deprived of all desire. They were not only minorities but also the others of male. Consequently, suicide became the sole action to be able to enhance the value of themselves. Although all of Ye Zhao-Yan, Su-Tong, Kim Young-Ha wrote the pessimistic narration in the aspect of ruined family history, death and female, they had their own distinct feature.