인구감소로 인한 지역소멸 대응을 위한 법적 과제 - 일본의 「과소지역자립촉진특별조치법」을 중심으로-

Abstract

In Korea, due to continuous low fertility and aging and economic growth centered on the metropolitan area, the population is biased, and the crisis of population decrease is being raised in rural areas. Japan, which has long struggled with the decrease in population, has established special laws for the under-reduced areas of the population, selecting under-regions and granting them many special cases to encourage independence. The support for revitalization of the local economy defines the support related to real life, such as childcare and education, rather than the construction of existing factories, suggesting ways to suppress the decline of the population and to make the region sustainable. In addition, a plan for revitalization of the region is prepared by focusing on the underprivileged and a bottom-up plan approved by the government. Similarly, legislation is being promoted in Korea, such as enacting special act or amending local autonomy act. In order to revitalize the underprivileged areas, it is necessary to enact related special act and review the planned legislation focusing on population reduction. In addition, when establishing a city plan, a clearer standard for establishing a planned population and selecting undersized regions should be established. Bottom-up planning should be carried out with local revitalization measures centered on local residents. In addition, an organic cooperation system should be established between the local governments of the underprivileged and with the central government. Through this, we must overcome the crisis of extinction due to the rapidly decreasing population. In addition, the foundation should be prepared to promote balanced regional development by overcoming the crisis of underestimated regions.