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Soil Chemical Properties - Variation with Altitude and Forest Composition: A Case Study of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya (India)

Zubair A. Malik|Shiekh Marifatul Haq
산림과학연구소 (The institute of forest science, kangwon national university)|2022.03|Journal of forest and environmental science|제38권 제1호|pp. 21-37

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참고문헌

키워드

Himalayaaltitudeorganic mattersoil chemical propertiesNPK contentKedarnath Wildlife SanctuaryKWLS

초록

The present study was carried out to evaluate the chemical properties of soil in relation to forest structure and composition at different altitudes (900-2,600 m asl) in a part of Western Himalaya. The composite soil samples were taken from three (viz. upper, middle and lower) depths. The soils of the whole study area were acidic in nature (pH=4.90-5.51). Contents of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Carbon (C) and soil organic matter (SOM) showed much fluctuation during different seasons of year. Nitrogen content showed significant positive correlations with altitude (r=0.924, p＜0.05) and different community parameters like species diversity (r=0.892, p＜0.01) and species richness (r=0.941, p＜0.05). Phosphorus exhibited direct correlations with carbon (r=0.637) while weak negative correlations with different community parameters like species richness & diversity, total basal cover (TBC), density and canopy cover. Carbon content and hence SOM showed direct correlations with Nitrogen (r=0.821, p＜0.01); Phosphorus (r=0.637, ns) and Potassium (r=0.540, ns). But no significant relationship was observed between K content and species richness (p=0.30, r=-0.504); between K content and species diversity (p=0.14, r=-0.672); between P content and species diversity (p=0.29, r=-0.513) and species richness (p=0.23, r=-0.575). Among the different soil nutrients, only N showed a significant positive correlation with altitude while all others exhibited negative (but non-significant) correlation with it. The study revealed that the chemical properties affect and are reciprocally affected by forest structure and composition and that N rich soils of higher altitudes are best for the growth and development of forests.

Abstract

The present study was carried out to evaluate the chemical properties of soil in relation to forest structure and composition at different altitudes (900-2,600 m asl) in a part of Western Himalaya. The composite soil samples were taken from three (viz. upper, middle and lower) depths. The soils of the whole study area were acidic in nature (pH=4.90-5.51). Contents of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Carbon (C) and soil organic matter (SOM) showed much fluctuation during different seasons of year. Nitrogen content showed significant positive correlations with altitude (r=0.924, p＜0.05) and different community parameters like species diversity (r=0.892, p＜0.01) and species richness (r=0.941, p＜0.05). Phosphorus exhibited direct correlations with carbon (r=0.637) while weak negative correlations with different community parameters like species richness & diversity, total basal cover (TBC), density and canopy cover. Carbon content and hence SOM showed direct correlations with Nitrogen (r=0.821, p＜0.01); Phosphorus (r=0.637, ns) and Potassium (r=0.540, ns). But no significant relationship was observed between K content and species richness (p=0.30, r=-0.504); between K content and species diversity (p=0.14, r=-0.672); between P content and species diversity (p=0.29, r=-0.513) and species richness (p=0.23, r=-0.575). Among the different soil nutrients, only N showed a significant positive correlation with altitude while all others exhibited negative (but non-significant) correlation with it. The study revealed that the chemical properties affect and are reciprocally affected by forest structure and composition and that N rich soils of higher altitudes are best for the growth and development of forests.

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Altitudinal Variation in Species Composition and Soil Properties of Banj Oak and Chir Pine Dominated ForestsG.S. Rajwar, Harpal Singh, Jahangeer A. Bha, Munesh Kumar산림과학연구소 · Journal of forest and environmental science2013 · 제29권 제1호Physical Properties of Soils in Relation to Forest Composition in Moist Temperate Valley Slopes of the Central Western HimalayaC.M. Sharma, Sarvesh Suyal, S.K. Ghildiyal, Sumeet Gairola산림과학연구소 · Journal of forest and environmental science2010 · 제26권 제2호Spatio-temporal dynamics of soil physico-chemical properties in Quercus dominated forests of Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern HimalayasD. Balasubramanian, K.S. Kanwal, L.S. Lodhiyal, Yumnam Johnson Singh한국생태학회 · Journal of Ecology and Environment2025 · 제49권 제2호Species Composition and Diversity in Mid-altitudinal Moist Temperate Forests of the Western HimalayaC.M. Sharma, Sarvesh Suyal, S.K. Ghildiyal, Sumeet Gairola산림과학연구소 · Journal of forest and environmental science2011 · 제27권 제1호Change in Community Composition and Soil Carbon Stock Along Transitional Boundary in a Sub-Tropical Forest of Garhwal HimalayaGS Rajwar, Manish Kumar, Munesh Kumar, Sajid Saleem, Sunil Prasad산림과학연구소 · Journal of forest and environmental science2013 · 제29권 제3호Phytosociological Analysis of Woody Species in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary and Its Adjoining Areas in Western Himalaya, IndiaA. B. Bhatt, Zubair A. Malik산림과학연구소 · Journal of forest and environmental science2015 · 제31권 제3호

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