중국의 농업 R&D 투자 및 농업환경보조금이 농업생산과 소득에 미치는 구조적 파급효과
The Effects of Agricultural R&D Investment and Environment Subsidies on Agricultural Production and Income in China
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본 연구의 목적은 중국의 농업 R&D 투자와 농업환경보조금이 농업 총생산과 농업 1인당 소득에 미치는 동태적 파급효과를 분석하는 데 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중국의 농업 R&D 투자 충격에 대한 각 변수들의 반응은 정(+)의 관계로 나타났으며, 분산분해결과 농업 R&D 투자는 농업 1인당 소득보다는 농업 총생산에 상대적으로 더 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중국의 농업환경보조금 충격에 대한 각 변수들의 반응은 정(+)의 관계로 나타났다. 그리고 분산분해결과 농업환경보조금 또한 농업 총생산과 농업 1인당 소득에 영향을 미치고 있는데 상대적으로 농업 1인당 소득에 더 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 중국의 농업 R&D 투자와 농업환경보조금이 농업 총생산과 농업 1인당 소득에 미치는 파급효과를 3변수 모형으로 구분하여 분석한 결과 농업 R&D 투자와 농업환경보조금의 충격은 농업발전에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 농업 R&D 투자는 농업 총생산에 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있으며, 농업환경보조금은 농업 1인당 소득에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Research and Development (R&D) investment in the agriculture has contributed not only to agriculture but also to economic growth across the country. In particular, it became the basis for national economic growth by providing labor to other industries through increased productivity of the agricultural sector. The importance of R&D in the agricultural sector is also being emphasized in preparation for the fourth industrial revolution, which has been highlighted recently. Agricultural R&D is directly related to the fourth industrial revolution in agriculture that utilizes big data, robots, artificial intelligence, and clouds. On the other hand, subsidies are considered the most widely used policy means. These subsidies affect domestic resource allocation, income distribution structure, and expenditure productivity regardless of specific policy areas, and also affect international competitiveness between trade and economic entities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamic analysis of variables by establishing a quantitative model in terms of agricultural environment subsidies that represent the government’s role and agricultural gross agricultural product in light of the importance of R&D investment in Chinese agriculture. In conclusion, the agricultural R&D investment and agricultural environmental subsidies not only have a long-term positive effect on agricultural income, but also increase the agricultural income positively affect the level of agricultural mechanization. In other words, today’s agriculture is transforming into a science and technology-oriented agriculture, unlike the past resource-oriented agriculture, and agricultural technology will act as a catalyst that can replace the scarce resources that are obstacles to agricultural growth with abundant resources.
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