Syllabic consonants in Early English
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Abstract
Under the traditional assumption that syllabic consonants are phonetic realizations of the underlying /əC/ (Wells 1995) and that schwa is not fully specified at the segmental and prosodic levels (Kehoe and Lleó 2003, van Oostendorp 1995, 1998, 2000), I attempt to provide a diachronic account of syllabic consonants and their phonetic counterparts [VC] from Proto-Indo-European to Middle English. I argue that the interaction between segmental features ([+place] and [+syllabic]) and a prosodic unit (mora) plays a decisive role in the phonetic realizations of /əC/ (cf. Lipski 1993). Specifically, the underlying /əC/ is phonetically realized as a syllabic consonant or a vowel plus a non-syllabic consonant by the operations (delinking and spreading) of two features, [+syllabic] and [+place]. Although details vary depending on the periods, the formation of syllabic consonants and their alternative phonetic forms [VC] from PIE to ME results from phonological feature reassignments.
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