Prosody and Deletion in Early English
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Abstract
It has been generally agreed that phonological weakening processes tend to occur to weak positions whereas strengthening processes are more likely to take place in strong positions (Beckman 1998, de Lacy 2001, Kirchner 1998, among others). In the diachronic study of phonology, prosodic markedness of phonological positions has also been explored (Macken & Salmons 1997, Holsinger 2000, Smith 2003). In line with this view, a number of phonological changes are motivated by prosodic strength or weakness of phonological positions within the domain of prosodic units. This paper can be seen as an extension and refinement of the approach. The main purpose of this paper is to argue that there exists relative prosodic strength among phonological positions within the domain of a prosodic unit (a bomoraic trochee) and that phonological changes refer to their relative prosodic strength. It is shown that phonological weakening processes tend to affect first a consonant in the weakest position and then the phonological contexts for the following weakening processes expand to the next stronger position. In order to illustrate this tendency, I provide an analysis of /h/-deletion in Old and Middle English at the prosodic foot level. /h/ has a history of its graded disappearance from Old English until now. I show that the relative chronology of /h/-deletion in early English depends to a great extent on the strength relation among phonological positions concerned within the domain of the prosodic foot.
참고문헌 (27)
- Beckman, Jill, "Positional Faithfuln" (1998), University of Massachusetts-Amherst
- Campbell,Alistair, "Old English Grammar" (1959), Clarendon Press
- Dresher, "Metrical Coherence in Old English", pp.251~285 (1991)
- "Open Syllable Lengthening in West Germanic", 75, pp.678~719 (1999)
- Mohammed, "Constraints on phonological rules", pp.267~3 305 (1977)
- Halle, "Metrical Coherence in Old English without the Germanic Foot", pp.529~538 (1993)
- Hayes,Bruce, "Inalterability in CV Phonology", 62, pp.321~351 (1986)
- "Metrical Stress Theory: Principles and Case Studies." (1995), University of Chicago Press.
- Holsinger, David, "Lenition in Germanic: Prosodic foots in Sound Change" (2000), University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Idsardi,William, "Open and Closed Feet in Old English", 25, pp.522~533 (1994)
- Keyser,Samuel, "Metathesis and Old English Phonology", 6, pp.377~411 (1975)
- _, "Rule Generalization and Optionality in Language Change" (1985), Foris
- Kim, Yookang, "Prosody and Prosodically-motivated Processes from Germanic to Middle English" (2000), University of Wisconsin-Madison
- "Prosodic Structure and its Phonological Role in Germanic", 15, pp.19~44 (2003)
- "A Prosodic Template and Deletion in Old English, Paper presented at 2003 Trilateral Conference on Linguistics" (2003)
- Kirchner, Robert M, "An Effort-Based Approach to Consonant Lenition" (1998), University of California-Los Angeles
- Lacy, Paul de, "Prosodic Markedness in Prominent Positions", 432 (2001)
- Lass,Roger, "Old English" (1994), The Cambridge University Press
- Lutz, "On the Historical Phonotactics of English", pp.221~239 (1985)
- Macken, Marlys, "Prosodic foots in Sound Change", 14, pp.31~66 (1997)
- Moon, Anna, "The Evolution of the Back Fricatives in the History of English", 12, pp.143~160 (2001)
- Tomas, "Structures in Germanic Prosody A Diachronic Study with Special Reference to the Nordic Languages" (1992), Stockholm University
- Smith, Laura C, "West Germanic Jan-Verbs: A Templatic Approach" (2003), University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Suzuki, "and the Sonority Hierarchy in Old English", pp.65~11 93 (1994)
- Britton, D, "On the Syllable Weight of VC# in Old English: A Metrical Perspective, English Historical Linguistics 1994: Papers from the 8th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics", pp.39~55 (1996), Amsterdam: Benjamins
- Yang, Seon-Ki, "An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of h-deletion in Old English", 13, pp.91~115 (2002)
- Wright, Joseph, "Old English Grammar" (1925), Oxford University Press