자체 개발한 전문가 시스템을 이용한 주요 장내세균의Lactam 항균제 감수성 검사의 판독
Interpretation of Antimirobial Susceptibility Test of Enterobacteriaceae to β-lactams with Expert System
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배경 : 항균제 감수성 검사는 검사상의 오류와 임상적으로 치료효과가 없는 항균제에서 감수성으로 나타날 수 있으며, 이로 인해잘못된 감수성 결과가 보고될 수 있다. 보고전 세균의 내성기전에따라 감수성 결과의 수정 및 보완이 필요하지만 대부분의 병원에선 수정작업 없이 보고하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 균종별 자연내성및 내성기전에 따른 적절한 항균제 감수성 검사의 판독를 위한프로그램을 개발하여 흔히 분리되는 주요 장내세균의 -lactam항균제 감수성 검사의 해석을 시도하였다.방법 :영남대학병원에서 분리된 E. coli, Klebsiella spp. 등 주요 장내세균 1,016균주를 대상으로 ampicillin, ticarcillin 등 12종의 -lactam 항균제를 디스크확산법으로 항균제 감수성 검사는시행하였다. 항균제 감수성 검사의 판독은 균종별 자연내성 및내성기전에 따른 항균제 감수성 검사의 표현형을 기준으로 rule-based expert system으로 구축하였으며, 내성기전별 혹은 임상적으로 치료효과가 없는 항균제를 감수성으로 보고되지 않도록하였다. 결과 : 대상균주 중 5.9%에서 균주별 특이 자연내성과 일치하지 않았으며, 균주별로 살펴보면 Klebsiella spp.와C. diversus의10.4%, Enterobacterspp의 15.0%, S. marcescens의 2.6%, M.morganii와 P. stuartti의 31.6%에서 자연내성과 달리 일부 항균제에서 감수성을 나타내었다. 그리고, 획득내성 내성기전에 따른분류에서E. coli, P. mirabilis, Salmonella와 Shigella spp.의18.8%, C. diversus와 Klebsiella spp.의 25.9%, C. freundii와Enterobacterspp.의 21.6%, M. morganii의 45.6.0%, P. vul-garis의 10.0%, Serratiaspp.의 12.2%에서 항균제 감수성 결과의 수정이 필요하였다.
Abstract
Background : At antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), clinical isolates may appear susceptible sometimes to the antibiotics that are clinically ineffective or due to technical errors in the testing. So an interpretive reading of AST should be done, but most hospitals do not perform it routinely. Here, we developed and evaluated a computerized expert system to interpret AST of Enterobacteriaceae to -lactam antibiotics. Methods : We made a rule-based expert system according to the natural resistance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and the common phenotypes of resistance mechanisms for Enterobacteriacae. Antimicrobial suceptibility testings were performed using the disk diffusion method with 12 -lactam antibiotics for a total of 1,016 clinical isolates. Then we compared the raw and expert results of AST. Results : An overall discrepancy rate due to natural resistance was 5.9%; 10.4% for Klebsiella spp. and Citrobacter diversus, 15.0% for Enterobacter spp., 2.6% for Serratia marcescens, 31.6% for Morganella morganii and Providencia stuartti. Accoriding to acquired antimicrobial resistant mechanisms, overall resistant discrepancy was 21.8%; 18.8% for Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella and Shigella spp., 25.9% for Citrobacter diversus and Klebsiella spp., 21.6% for Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter spp., 45.6% for Morganella morganii, 10.0% for Proteus vulgaris, 12.2% for Serratia spp.. Conclusions : These results indicate that the application of the expert system for interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility test may provide more reliable data for the treating physician. Additional information should be applied on the software for new resistant mechanisms or some misinterpretive readings. (Korean J Lab Med 2004; 24: 377-85)
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