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칸디다혈증의 원인균종과 임상적 특성 분석

Clinical and Laboratory Features of Candidemia Caused by Different Candida Species

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서론 : 최근 Candida albicans 이외에 다양한 칸디다 균종에 의한 칸디다혈증의 발생빈도가 증가하고 있다. 저자들은 전남대학교병원에서 발생한 네 가지 주요 칸디다 균종(C. albicans, C. trop-icalis, C. parapsilosis 및 C. glabrata)에 의한 칸디다혈증의 임상및 검사실적 특성을 원인균별로 분석하여 보았다.방법 : 1996년부터 2002년 12월까지 전남대학교병원 혈액배양에서 칸디다가 분리된 환자 중 병력조사가 가능했던 157예를 대상으로 하였다. 157예의 원인 균주는 C. albicans (48명), C. para-psilosis(48명), C. tropicalis(32명) 및 C. glabrata (29명)이었다. 각 칸디다 균종에 의한 칸디다혈증의 임상 및 검사실적 특성은다른 3종 칸디다에 의한 칸디다혈증의 특성과 비교하여 분석하였다.결과 : 전체 칸디다혈증의 7%가 성인에서 발생하였고, C. al-bicans와 C. parapsilosis칸디다혈증의 경우 미숙아에서 발생하는경우가 각 15%로 다른 균종(0%)에 비해 높았다( P=0.002). C.glabrata칸디다혈증은 백혈구 감소증과 연관성(41%)이 높았으며(P<0.01), 중심정맥관 관련 칸디다혈증으로 진단된 예(14%)가적었다(P<0.001). C. parapsilosis 칸디다혈증 중 중심정맥관 관련칸디다혈증으로 확진된 예는 56%로서 다른 칸디다혈증에 비해 유의하게 많았으며(P=0.012), 칸디다혈증이 회복된 경우도 90%로서 가 장 많 았 다 (P=0.004). 결론 : 본 연구로서 칸디다혈증은 원인 칸디다 균종에 따라 환자의 연령, 기저질환, 카테터 관련성 및 예후 등의 특성이 서로 다를 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Abstract

Background : Recently, the incidence of candidemia due to Candida species other than C. albicans have increased. In this study, we analyzed the laboratory and clinical characteristics of candidemia caused by four different Candida species (C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata) occurring at Chonnam National University Hospital (CNUH). Methods : The demographic, clinical and microbiological data of 157 patients with candidemia at CNUH from 1996 to 2002 was analyzed, retrospectively. The etiologic agents for 157 cases of candidemia were C. albicans (n=48), C. parapsilosis (n=48), C. tropicalis (n=32) and C. glabrata (n= 29). The characteristics of candidemia due to each single Candida species were compared with those with all other species combined. Results : Although the majority (77%) of candidemic patients were adults, candidemia due to C. albicans or C. parapsilosis occurred significantly more often in premature infants (15%, retrospectively, P=0.002), in comparison with other Candida species (0%). Candidemia due to C. glabrata was more common in patients with neutropenia (41%, P<0.001), and they also occurred frequently in the absence of central venous catheter related candidemia (86%, P<0.001). Bloodstream infections with C. parapsilosis were more frequently the cause of catheter related candidemia (56%, P=0.012), and they had a better clinical outcome (90%, P=0.004) than those with other Candida species. Conclusions : This study confirms that some characteristics of candidemia such as age, underlying conditions, relatedness of catheter, and outcome can be different according to the species of Candida.

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