지역사회획득 폐렴에서 레지오넬라 감염의 빈도
Frequency of Legionella Infection in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia
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배경 : 레지오넬라 감염증은 임상 가검물에서 원인균의 분리가까다롭고 표준 세균배지에서 자라지 않는 등 통상적인 미생물학적 검사 방법으로 잘 검출되지 않기 때문에 지역사회획득 폐렴의원인으로 잘 진단되지 않는다. 이에 본 연구에서는 본원에 입원한지역사회획득 폐렴환자를 대상으로 현재 알려진 여러 검사 방법들을 통하여 지역사회획득 폐렴에서 레지오넬라의 감염 비율을 확인하고자 하였다. 방법 : 2002년 11월부터 2004년 5월까지 부산대학교병원을 방문한 지역사회획득 폐렴 환자 38명을 대상으로 하여 배양, 소변항원검사, 핵산증폭검사, 혈청 항체검사를 이용하여 레지오넬라감염 여부를 조사하였다. 결과 : 총 38명 중 1명에서는 L. micdadei에 대한 혈청 항체가 가 IgG 1:256 양성을 보였고, 1명에서는 소변 항원검사에서 L. pneumophila 혈청형 1에 양성을 보여 총 5.3%의 양성률을 보였다. 결론 : 지역사회획득 폐렴에서 레지오넬라 감염증이 드물지 않으며, 이의 진단을 위해서는 배양, 소변항원검사, 핵산증폭검사, 혈청항체검사 등 여러가지 검사를 병행해서 실시할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각한다.
Abstract
Background : Legionella spp. cannot be cultivated in routine bacterial culture media, causing underdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to this microorganism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of legionellosis in patients with CAP by using several diagnostic techniques. Methods : Patients’ sputum, serum and urine samples were collected from 38 patients with CAP in Pusan National University Hospital during November 2002 to May 2004. The laboratory procedures for diagnosis of legionellosis was performed by sputum cultures, urine antigen tests, nucleic acid amplification tests, and serologic indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests. Results : Legionella pneumonia was diagnosed in 2 of the 38 patients (5.3%); one was L. pneumophila serogroup 1 positive in urine, and the other was serum IgG antibody positive for L. micdadei. Conclusions : Legionellosis may play an important role in adult CAP in Korea. The diagnosis of legionellosis may require various testing methods, such as sputum culture, urine antigen test, nucleic acid amplification test, and serologic antibody test.
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