Diversity of midgut microbiota in ticks collected from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from northern Mexico
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Ticks host different pathogens as endosymbiont and nonpathogenic microorganismsand play an important role in reproductive fitness and nutrient provision. However, thebacterial microbiomes of white-tailed deer ticks have received minimal attention. Thisstudy aimed to examine the bacterial microbiome of ticks collected from Odocoileus virginianus on the Mexico–United States border to assess differences in microbiome diversity in ticks of different species, sexes, and localities. Five different tick species werecollected: Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermacentor nitens, Otobius megnini, Amblyommacajennense, and A. maculatum. The tick microbiomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Among all tick species, the most predominant phylum was Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The ticks from Tamaulipas and NuevoLeón presented the highest bacterial species diversity. Acinetobacter johnsonii and A. lwoffii were the common bacterial species in the microbiome of all ticks, Coxiella werepresent in R. microplus, and Dermacentor nitens also exhibited a Francisella-like endosymbiont. The microbiome of most females in D. nitens was less diverse than that ofmales, whereas R. microplus occurs in females, suggesting that microbiome diversity isinfluenced by sex. In the bacterial communities of A. maculatum and O. megnini, Candidatus Midichloria massiliensis, and Candidatus Endoecteinascidia fumentensis were themost predominant endosymbionts. These results constitute the initial report on thesebacteria, and this is also the first study to characterize the microbiome of O. megnini.
Abstract
Ticks host different pathogens as endosymbiont and nonpathogenic microorganismsand play an important role in reproductive fitness and nutrient provision. However, thebacterial microbiomes of white-tailed deer ticks have received minimal attention. Thisstudy aimed to examine the bacterial microbiome of ticks collected from Odocoileus virginianus on the Mexico–United States border to assess differences in microbiome diversity in ticks of different species, sexes, and localities. Five different tick species werecollected: Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermacentor nitens, Otobius megnini, Amblyommacajennense, and A. maculatum. The tick microbiomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Among all tick species, the most predominant phylum was Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The ticks from Tamaulipas and NuevoLeón presented the highest bacterial species diversity. Acinetobacter johnsonii and A. lwoffii were the common bacterial species in the microbiome of all ticks, Coxiella werepresent in R. microplus, and Dermacentor nitens also exhibited a Francisella-like endosymbiont. The microbiome of most females in D. nitens was less diverse than that ofmales, whereas R. microplus occurs in females, suggesting that microbiome diversity isinfluenced by sex. In the bacterial communities of A. maculatum and O. megnini, Candidatus Midichloria massiliensis, and Candidatus Endoecteinascidia fumentensis were themost predominant endosymbionts. These results constitute the initial report on thesebacteria, and this is also the first study to characterize the microbiome of O. megnini.
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