청국장에서 분리된 Bacillus licheniformis의 Protease 생산을 위한 배지 최적화
Medium Optimization for the Protease Production by Bacillus licheniformis Isolated from Cheongkookjang.
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초록
청국장의 기호도를 개선하는 발효균으로 분리된 protease 생산균은 Bacillus licheniformis로 확인되었다. Protease 생산을 위한 배지를 최적화하기 위한 탄소원, 질소원, 인, 금속이온의 성분을 변화시키면서 균의 성장과 효소 생산성을비교하였다. Glucose를 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때는 균의 성장은 정상적으로 일어나지만, protease 생산이 심하게 억제되는 것으로 나타났으며, Potato starch를 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때 효소 생산성이 가장 높았다. 질소원으로는 yeast extact가 효소 생산에 가장 적합하였다. 한편 2가 금속이온중 Zn2+, Cu2+, Co2+을 배지에 첨가하였을 때는 균의 성장이 심하게 저해되었으며, 효소 생산도 되지 않았다. CaCl2를 첨가한 배지에서는 균이 성장과 효소 생산성이 증가되었다. Potato starch(1.5%), yeast extract(1.5%), CaCl2(0.7%),K2HPO4(0.03%)와 KH2PO4(0.03%)를 포함하는 것으로 구성된 최적화 배지에서 최대효소 생산성은 800 U/mL로 나타났으며 28시간 이후에는 배양액내 효소활성이 서서히 감소하였다.
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis fermenting soybean product with highest score in consumer acceptance had been isolated from homemade Cheongkookjang. In order to develop the medium composition, effects of ingredients including nitrogen sources, carbon sources, metal ions and phosphate were examined for protease production of the isolate. Potato starch increased the protease productivity, while glucose repressed it. Yeast extract was the most effective nitrogen source for enzyme production. The calcium was found to increase protease activity slightly while cell growth and enzyme production was completely inhibited by divalent ions such as Zn2+, Cu2+ and Co2+. The maximum protease productivity was reached approximately 800 unit/mL in the optimized medium consisting of potato starch (1.5%), yeast extract (1.5%),CaCl2 (0.7%), K2HPO4 (0.03%) and KH2PO4 (0.03%). The protease activity of culture filtrate was gradually decreased after incubation for 28 h.
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