본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

간 이식 소아에서 발생한 이식 후 림프 증식 질환: 단일 기관에서의 21년 경험

Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder after Liver Transplantation in Pediatric Patients: Report from a Single-center Over 21 Years

1

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류소아과학

초록

목 적: 간 이식 소아에서 발생한 PTLD의 경험을 통해 발현 양상, 발병 위험 인자, 진단 방법, 치료 및 예후에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들을 알아보았다.  방 법: 1988년 1월부터 2009년 6월까지 서울대학교 어린이병원에서 간 이식을 받은 소아 148명 중 PTLD로 진단된 8명의 환아들을 대상으로 후향적 분석을 하였다. 이식당시 나이, 이식 후 PTLD 증상이 나타날 때까지의 기간, 임상적 증상, 조직학적 소견, EBV 검사 결과, 치료 및 경과에 대해 조사하였다.  결 과: 간 이식 후 PTLD의 유병률은 5.4%였고, 발생 시기는 조기 PTLD가 6명(75%), 후기 PTLD가 2명(25%)이었다. 대상 환아의 간 이식 당시 나이는 평균 8.1±4.4개월로, 12개월 미만이 7명(87.5%), 12개월 이후가 1명(12.5%)이었다. PTLD 진단 시 주증상은 발열, 설사, 혈변이었고 모두 장이나 장간막 림프절 침범이 있었다. 3명은 개복 수술로 5명은 상부 위장관 내시경이나 대장 내시경을 통한 조직 검사로 진단되었다. 조직학적 진단은 early lesion이 3명, polymorphic PTLD 2명, monomorphic PTLD 1명, Burkitt 림프종 1명, B 세포 림프종이 1명이었다. EBV는 7명에서 양성을 보였다. 치료는 전례에서 1차 치료로 면역억제제를 중지하고 항바이러스제(ganciclovir)를 투여 하였다. 4명의 환아들에서 rituximab을 추가하였고 Burkitt 림프종과 B 세포 림프종으로 진단된 환아들은 각각 항암 치료를 병행하였다. B 세포 림프종으로 진단되어 치료 중에 패혈증으로 1명이 사망하였으며 나머지 7명은 호전되었다.  결 론: 1세 미만에 간 이식을 받은 경우가 PTLD 발생의 주요한 위험 인자였으며, EBV viral load의 지속적인 감시와 위장관 내시경을 통한 조직 검사가 PTLD 조기 진단에 유용할 것으로 생각한다.

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the clinical spectrum of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after liver transplantation in children. Methods: From January 1988 to June 2009, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 8 PTLD cases among 148 pediatric patients underwent liver transplantation. The age at transplantation, time of presentation after transplantation, clinical manifestations, histologic diagnosis, results of EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) assessments, managements and outcomes of PTLD were investigated. Results: The prevalence of PTLD in liver transplant pediatric recipients was 5.4% (8 of 148). The mean age of patients was 25.4±21.3 months (range 10 to 67 months). Seven of 8 patients (87.5%) underwent liver transplantation before 1 year of age. The common clinical presentations were persistent fever (8 of 8, 100%) and bloody diarrhea (6 of 8, 75%). PTLD was diagnosed with gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies in five patients and surgical biopsies in three. Histologic findings showed early lesion in three patients, polymorphic in two, and monomorphic in three. Burkitt lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma were found in two of 3 monomorphic patients. Seven of 8 patients were found with EBV-positive. Eight patients were treated with dose reduction of immunosuppressants and infusion of ganciclovir. Rituximab was added to four patients. PTLD were successfully managed in all patients except one who died of sepsis during chemotherapy. Conclusion: Major risk factor of PTLD was to undergo liver transplantation before 1 year of age. Continuous monitoring for EBV viral load and gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy may be useful to early detection of PTLD.

참고문헌 (34)

  1. Jain A, "Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in liver transplantation: a 20-year experience", Ann Surg, 236, pp.429~436 (2002)
  2. Lai YC, "Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders localizing to the gastrointestinal tract after liver transplantation: report of five pediatric cases", Pediatr Transplant, 10, pp.390~394 (2006)
  3. Leblond V, "Lymphoproliferative disorders after liver transplantation", J Hepatol, 40, pp.728~735 (2004)
  4. 기현균, "간이식 후 발생한 림프구 증식성 질환의 임상적 양상", Infection and Chemotherapy, 38(3), pp.131~139 (2006), 대한감염학회
  5. 최연호, "소아 간이식에서 Posttansplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD): 삼성서울병원의 경험", 대한소아소화기영양학회지, 6(1), pp.39~46 (2003), 대한소아소화기영양학회
  6. Aucejo F, "Who is at risk for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) after liver transplantation?", J Hepatol, 44, pp.19~23 (2006)
  7. Duvoux C, "Risk factors for lymphoproliferative disorders after liver transplantation in adults: an analysis of 480 patients", Transplantation, 74, pp.1103~1109 (2002)
  8. Green M, "Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders", Pediatr Clin North Am, 50, pp.1471~1491 (2003)
  9. Guthery SL, "Determination of risk factors for Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in pediatric liver transplant recipients using objective case ascertainment", Transplantation, 75, pp.987~993 (2003)
  10. Kremers WK, "Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders following liver transplantation: incidence, risk factors and survival", Am J Transplant, 6, pp.1017~1024 (2006)
  11. Bakker NA, "Presentation and early detection of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after solid organ transplantation", Transpl Int, 20, pp.207~218 (2007)
  12. Wu JF, "Timing of Epstein-Barr virus acquisition and the course of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder in children", Transplantation, 87, pp.758~762 (2009)
  13. Spada M, "Circulating EBV-DNA in the monitoring of EBV infection in pediatric liver transplant recipients", Transplant Proc, 33, pp.1835~1837 (2001)
  14. Scheenstra R, "The value of prospective monitoring of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in blood samples of pediatric liver transplant recipients", Transpl Infect Dis, 6, pp.15~22 (2004)
  15. Toyoda M, "Clinical significance of peripheral blood Epstein-Barr viral load monitoring using polymerase chain reaction in renal transplant recipients", Pediatr Transplant, 12, pp.778~784 (2008)
  16. Wagner HJ, "Prompt versus preemptive intervention for EBV lymphoproliferative disease", Blood, 103, pp.3979~3981 (2004)
  17. Wagner HJ, "Patients at risk for development of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: plasma versus peripheral blood mononuclear cells as material for quantification of Epstein-Barr viral load by using real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction", Transplantation, 72, pp.1012~1019 (2001)
  18. Lee TC, "Quantitative EBV viral loads and immunosuppression alterations can decrease PTLD incidence in pediatric liver transplant recipients", Am J Transplant, 5, pp.2222~2228 (2005)
  19. Rowe DT, "Epstein-Barr virus load monitoring: its role in the prevention and management of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease", Transpl Infect Dis, 3, pp.79~87 (2001)
  20. Axelrod DA, "Limitations of EBV-PCR monitoring to detect EBV associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder", Pediatr Transplant, 7, pp.223~227 (2003)
  21. O'Connor JA, "Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder: endoscopic findings", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 31, pp.458~461 (2000)
  22. Younes BS, "The involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in pediatric liver transplantation", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 28, pp.380~385 (1999)
  23. Gershman G, "The role of endoscopy in diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorder in the gastrointestinal tract of children after liver transplantation", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 26, pp.575~ (1998)
  24. Tsao L, "The clinicopathologic spectrum of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders", Arch Pathol Lab Med, 131, pp.1209~1218 (2007)
  25. Dharnidharka VR, "Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease", Pediatr Nephrol, 24, pp.731~736 (2009)
  26. Frey NV, "The management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder", Med Oncol, 24, pp.125~136 (2007)
  27. McDiarmid SV, "Prevention and preemptive therapy of postransplant lymphoproliferative disease in pediatric liver recipients", Transplantation, 66, pp.1604~1611 (1998)
  28. Faller DV, "Induction of the Epstein-Barr virus thymidine kinase gene with concomitant nucleoside antivirals as a therapeutic strategy for Epstein-Barr virus-associated malignancies", Curr Opin Oncol, 13, pp.360~367 (2001)
  29. Koch DG, "Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder - the great mimic in liver transplantation: appraisal of the clinicopathologic spectrum and the role of Epstein-Barr virus", Liver Transpl, 13, pp.904~912 (2007)
  30. Choquet S, "Efficacy and safety of rituximab in B-cell post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders: results of a prospective multicenter phase 2 study", Blood, 107, pp.3053~3057 (2006)
  31. Svoboda J, "Management of patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder: the role of rituximab", Transpl Int, 19, pp.259~269 (2006)
  32. Hainsworth JD, "Maximizing therapeutic benefit of rituximab: maintenance therapy versus re-treatment at progression in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-a randomized phase II trial of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network", J Clin Oncol, 23, pp.1088~1095 (2005)
  33. Smets F, "Lymphoproliferation in children after liver transplantation", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 34, pp.499~505 (2002)
  34. Lim WH, "Review of Epstein-Barr virus and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder post-solid organ transplantation", Nephrology, 11, pp.355~366 (2006)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (19건)