타이포그래피, 캘리그래피, 레터링의 개념적 범주에 대한 비교 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the concepts of typography, calligraphy, and lettering as orthographically presented and defined in major dictionaries, and to view the conceptual categories of these terms on the cultural and technical horizons. Texts selected for this study are Standard Korean Dictionary, Typography Dictionary, and Cartooon and Animation Dictionary, as well as every design dictionary that was available from the National Library(http://www.nl.go.kr) on August 1 2016. Examined outcomes indicate that the orthography and definitions of the terms were often inconsistent and sometimes even contradictory, due to the lack of understanding of the cultural differences and implications of technological development. Typography, calligraphy, and lettering lie between foreign words and loan words, and thus it is required that they be carefully examined considering the cultural differences between the East and the West. Furthermore, the advent of digital production and printing technology should be reflected in relation to the conceptual categories of the above terms. The conclusion is as follows: Typography has high versatility, meaning that it easily combines and easily dismantles, using ready-made types/fonts. On the other hand, lettering, which includes alterated types/fonts, handwriting, and calligraphy, is tailored to specific purposes only, and thus, uniqueness and individuality become its characteristics. Handwriting and calligraphy are the products of an instantaneous and singular act and do not presuppose mechanical replication. Calligraphy differs from handwriting in that it is more form-focused rather than legibility-focused.