일본 환경성 환경공생형 주택의 설계 기법에 관한 연구

Abstract

To comply with the ‘Paris Agreement’ adopted at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Climate Change in 2015, it is necessary to reduce CO2 emissions globally. Japan aims to reduce 60~80% of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, and is making efforts to disseminate eco‐friendly construction technology by constructing Eco‐House, an eco‐friendly demonstration house, in 20 locations nationwide. It is necessary to analyze the architectural design method of environment symbiotic housing of the Japan Environment Agency as a principal precedent case when Korea should join in CO2 reduction efforts. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the Japan Environment Agency’s architectural design techniques of the environment symbiotic housing which was constructed based on the understanding of local climate. This is meaningful in providing basic data needed for development of eco‐friendly housing suitable for Korea’s climate conditions. The research method was based on the literature survey and the two field surveys in Japan. Based on the analysis of the structure and cross‐sectional structure of the eco‐house in each region according to the passive area classification showing the five stages of characteristics of the local climate by the “solar radiation” and “temperature”, the following points were pointed out. Various eco‐friendly technologies for CO2 reduction are being used, such as utilization of natural energy and utilization of natural building materials. Especially, from the viewpoint of architectural design technologies, large windows are installed on the south side and a part of the second floor is opened to positively introduce winter solar radiation into the indoor areas in cold regions with low radiation (levels 1 and 2). Roof earth sheltering (覆土) and installation of wall ventilation layer (通氣層) are widely adopted as architectural design techniques such as heat insulation and insulation for maintaining indoor temperature in winter. On the other hand, many architectural design techniques for lowering the room temperature in the summer, such as installation of facing windows (對面窓) or solar shielding (遮蔽) facilities, and indoor air forced circulation system using underground cold heat (冷熱) are adopted in regions with high radiation (level 4).