토양미생물 복원제를 이용한 유류로 오염된 토양의 복원
Bioremediation Efficiency in Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Microbial Agents.
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유류로 오염된 토양을 토양미생물 복원제를 첨가한 후 다양한 조건에서20일 동안의 유류저감효과를 알아보았다. 실험조건은 유류로만 오염된 토양(DS), 토양미생물 복원제를20%(w/w)가 되도록 첨가한 유류로 오염된 토양(DSP), 토양미생물 복원제를 넣은 후 pH를 중성으로 보정한 유류로 오염된 토양(DSP-1), 토양미생물 복원제와 촉진제를 넣은 유류로 오염된 토양(DSP-2), 토양미생물 복원제와 촉진제를 넣은후 pH를 중성으로 보정한 유류로 오염된 토양(DSP-3)을 설정하였다. 실험 결과 pH를 보정한 토양미생물 복원제를 첨가한 유류오염토양은 탈수소 효소 활성과 TPH 저감에서의효능이 우수하였다. 실험이10일 경과되었을 때 탈수소 효소활성이 가장 높은 DSP-1 토양이 TPH 역시 가장 활발히 분해했다. 결과적으로 초기 10일의 배양기간 동안 토양미생물복원제를 첨가한 토양은 대조군에 비해 38% 가량의 TPH 저감상승효과를 볼 수 있다. 토양미생물 복원제의 첨가를 통해초기 저감속도를 올려줄 수 있으며, 최종적으로도 비 첨가군에 비해 높은 저감효율을 기대할 수 있다. 토양미생물 복원제를 유류오염토양을 복원한다면 초기 오염물질을 빠르게 처리할 수 있지만 미생물 활성은 pH, 온도 등 환경 인자에 많은 영향을 받으므로 토양미생물 복원제의 효율을 최대화하기 위해서는 환경 인자를 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 복원을 진행한다면 오염물질 정화 효율을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다
Abstract
Oil pollution is a world-wide and prevalent treat to the environment. Physic-chemical remediation technology, used with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) contaminated soil, has proven to be very slow and uneconomic. Bioremediation of contaminated soil has been seen to be a more efficient method where the concentrations of oil are moderate and non-biological techniques are not economical. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of additives on TPH degradation in a diesel contaminated soil environment. Six experimental conditions were conduced; (i) diesel contaminated soil, (ii) diesel contaminated soil treated with microbial additives, (iii) diesel contaminated soil treated with microbial additives where the mixture was titrated to an end point of pH 7 with NaOH, (iv) diesel contaminated soil treated with microbial additives and accelerating agents, and (v) diesel contaminated soil treated with microbial additives and accelerating agents where the mixture was titrated to an end point of pH 7 with NaOH. After 10 days, significant TPH degradation (67%) was observed in the DSP-1 (v) soil sample. The removal of TPH, in the soil sample where microbial additives were supplemented, was 38% higher than the control soil sample during the first ten days. The microbial additives were effective for both the initial removal rate and the relative removal efficiency of TPH when compared with the control group. However, various environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, also affected the activities of microbes living in the additives, so pH calibration of oil-contaminated soil would help the initial reduction efficiency in the early stages.
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