개방적 협업 관점에서 메이커 운동의 제작문화 분석

Abstract

This paper intends to analyze making culture based on open collaboration through the Maker Movement. Conventional concepts and terminology, such as ‘maker’ and ‘creativity’, redefined with the movement, were reviewed together. The movement has spread worldwide in the early 21st century, inheriting the spirit of anti-consumerism triggered by the DIY movement, and the Hacker movement which emphasized on uninhibited information sharing through the web since the last century. With personal fabrication based on digital technology and with sharing economy founded on co-using assets from digital data to spaces to make, the maker community has become concrete. Open communication and collaborative sharing were the core principles as well as the driving forces of the movement. To ensure its sustainability, ethical, institutional and technical strategies have been put great emphasis on the activation and stabilization of sharing and collaboration. On this basis, the makers' activities encompass not only sharing knowledge of the actualization of ideas itself but also to sharing trial and error and even failure in work in process. This process-oriented experience expands the scope of one’s self-reliance in the consumption-centered age, leading to activities that express creativity in everyday life. Furthermore, makers’ activities, which encourage each other to teach, learn and share, are seen as an alternative education model as well as a foundation for social capital that strengthens the solidarity of the community. In conclusion, the Maker Movement is a phenomenon that shows the achievements of open collaboration related making today. It has broadened the horizons of individual capability and enhancing collective intelligence reciprocally. It proves that making is still the basic human act, which establishes one’s subjecthood and provides social glue.