섬유예술 비엔날레의 대표적인 입체표현 기법 연구 - 로잔느&베이징 국제 섬유비엔날레 작품을 중 심으로 -

Abstract

Modern fiber art has stemmed from the traditional craft field and expanded into as a genre of fine art, not being bounded only as a field of applied art. Particularly, in the modern fiber art we are able to easily find various works expressed in three-dimensional techniques. In this study, we classified the three-dimensional expressions in Fiber Art Biennale according to expression and analyzed the process in which fiber art became a genre of contemporary art. In addition, we investigated and analyzed new challenges and experimental attempts introduced in the sculpture works which were selected among the exhibitions at two Biennales: Lausanne International Fiber Art Biennale which has been held from 1960 to 1995 and Beijing International Fiber Art Biennale which was inherited the Lausanne Biennale. The works were selected through related books, catalogs, and websites, and the characteristics of expression techniques of these works were analyzed. In view point of materials, in two Biennales, not only the conventional 3D expression techniques, such as Tapestry weaving, Macrame, Wrapping and Coiling, Crochet and Knitting, were observed, but also the modern new materials were found to be used for new diverse mixture mediums, such as heat, resins, plastics, digital printing materials, both of which did extend the scope of materials and novel technological methods. Two Biennales also showed the well ensemble of conventional techniques well coupling with modern materials. Thus the works expressed the intrinsic nature of original material well by organizing it into the compounding mixture with such modern materials. Such extending materials fused with 3D sculpture expression technique to implanted with the space and environmental arts have helped the fiber art to stand alone as a novel branch of modern arts uniquely. Herein, based on these observations, we tried to discuss the power of new methods of modern material mixture with fibers and new expression techniques and then will propose the value of this new trend and guide the future directions of modern fiber arts.