Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature on leaf quality responses of rare and endangered plants
2
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: In the study, the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the nitrogen content, carbon content, and C:N ratio of seven rare and endangered species (Quercus gilva, Hibiscus hambo, Paliurus ramosissimus, Cicuta virosa, Bupleurum latissimum, Viola raddeana, and Iris dichotoma) were examined under control (ambient CO2 +ambient temperature) and treatment (elevated CO2 + elevated temperature) for 3 years (May 2008 and June 2011). Results: Elevated CO2 concentration and temperature result in a decline in leaf nitrogen content for three woody species in May 2009 and June 2011, while four herb species showed different responses to each other. The nitrogen content of B. latissimum and I. dichotoma decreased under treatment in either 2009 and 2011. The leaf nitrogen content of C. virosa and V. raddeana was not significantly affected by elevated CO2 and temperature in 2009, but that of C. virosa increased and that V. raddeana decreased under the treatment in 2011. In 2009, it was found that there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of the six species except for that of P. ramosissimus. On the other hand, while there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of Q. gilva in the control and treatment in 2011, carbon content in the leaves of the remaining six species increased due to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature. The C:N ratio in the leaf of C. virosa grown in the treatment was lower in both 2009 and 2011 than that in the control. The C:N ratio in the leaf of V. raddeana decreased by 16.4% from the previous year, but increased by 28.9% in 2011. For the other five species, C:N ratios increased both in 2009 and 2011. In 2009 and 2011, chlorophyll contents in the leaves of Q. gilva and H. hamabo were higher in the treatment than those in the control. In the case of P. ramosissimus, the ratio was higher in the treatment than that in the control in 2009, but in 2011, the result was the opposite. Among four herb species, the chlorophyll contents in the leaves of C. virosa, V. raddeana, and I. dichotoma did not show any difference between gradients in 2009, but decreased due to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature in 2011. Leaf nitrogen and carbon contents, C:N ratio, and chlorophyll contents in the leaves of seven rare and endangered species of plant were found to be influenced by the rise and duration of CO2 concentration and temperature, species, and interaction among those factors. Conclusions: The findings above seem to show that long-term rise of CO2 concentration, and temperature causes changes in physiological responses of rare and endangered species of plant and the responses may be species-specific. In particular, woody species seem to be more sensitive to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature than herb species.
Abstract
Background: In the study, the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the nitrogen content, carbon content, and C:N ratio of seven rare and endangered species (Quercus gilva, Hibiscus hambo, Paliurus ramosissimus, Cicuta virosa, Bupleurum latissimum, Viola raddeana, and Iris dichotoma) were examined under control (ambient CO2 +ambient temperature) and treatment (elevated CO2 + elevated temperature) for 3 years (May 2008 and June 2011). Results: Elevated CO2 concentration and temperature result in a decline in leaf nitrogen content for three woody species in May 2009 and June 2011, while four herb species showed different responses to each other. The nitrogen content of B. latissimum and I. dichotoma decreased under treatment in either 2009 and 2011. The leaf nitrogen content of C. virosa and V. raddeana was not significantly affected by elevated CO2 and temperature in 2009, but that of C. virosa increased and that V. raddeana decreased under the treatment in 2011. In 2009, it was found that there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of the six species except for that of P. ramosissimus. On the other hand, while there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of Q. gilva in the control and treatment in 2011, carbon content in the leaves of the remaining six species increased due to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature. The C:N ratio in the leaf of C. virosa grown in the treatment was lower in both 2009 and 2011 than that in the control. The C:N ratio in the leaf of V. raddeana decreased by 16.4% from the previous year, but increased by 28.9% in 2011. For the other five species, C:N ratios increased both in 2009 and 2011. In 2009 and 2011, chlorophyll contents in the leaves of Q. gilva and H. hamabo were higher in the treatment than those in the control. In the case of P. ramosissimus, the ratio was higher in the treatment than that in the control in 2009, but in 2011, the result was the opposite. Among four herb species, the chlorophyll contents in the leaves of C. virosa, V. raddeana, and I. dichotoma did not show any difference between gradients in 2009, but decreased due to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature in 2011. Leaf nitrogen and carbon contents, C:N ratio, and chlorophyll contents in the leaves of seven rare and endangered species of plant were found to be influenced by the rise and duration of CO2 concentration and temperature, species, and interaction among those factors. Conclusions: The findings above seem to show that long-term rise of CO2 concentration, and temperature causes changes in physiological responses of rare and endangered species of plant and the responses may be species-specific. In particular, woody species seem to be more sensitive to the rise of CO2 concentration and temperature than herb species.
참고문헌 (46)
- Aleric, K. M., "Growth and photosynthetic responses of the federally endangered shrub, Linderamelissifola (Lauraceae), to varied light environments", American Journal of Botany, 92, pp.682~689 (2005)
- Bernier, G., "The physiology of flowering (Vol. I)" (1981), CRC Press
- Broennimann, O., "Do geographic distribution, niche property and life form explain plants' vulnerability to global change?", Global Change Biology, 12, pp.1079~1093 (2006)
- Brown, J. H., "Reorganization of an arid ecosystem in response to recent climate change", Proceedings of National Academy of. Science, 94, pp.9729~9733 (1997)[DOI]
- Cotrufo, M. F., "Decomposition of tree leaf litters grown under elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>: Effect of litter quality, 1994, pp.163, 121~130
- Cotrufo, M. F., "Elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> reduces the nitrogen concentration of plant tissues, 1998, pp.4, 43~54
- Crawford, N. M., "Molecular and physiological aspect of nitrate uptake in plants", Trends in Plant Science, 3, pp.389~395 (1998)[DOI]
- Curtis, P. S., "A meta-analysis of leaf gas exchange and nitrogen in trees grown under elevated carbon dioxide", Plant, Cell & Environment, 19, pp.127~137 (1996)[DOI]
- DeLucia, E. H., "Photosynthetic inhibition after long-term exposure to elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide", Photosynthesis Research, 7, pp.175~184 (1985)[DOI]
- Fageria, N. K., "Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants", Advances in Agronomy, 88, pp.97~185 (2005)
- Fischer, M., "Responses of rare calcareous grassland plants to elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>: A field experiment with Genianellagermanica and Gentiana cruciate, 1997, pp.85, 681~691
- Fitter, A. H., "Environmental plant physiology" (2002), Academic Press, A division of Harcourt inc
- Gaston, K. J., "The biology of rarity", pp.12~29 (1997), Springer Netherlands
- 한영섭, "CO2농도와 온도 상승이 멸종위기식물 단양쑥부쟁이의 종생태적 반응에 미치는 영향", 한국습지학회지, 14(2), pp.169~180 (2012), 한국습지학회
- Hendry, G. A., "Methods in comparative plant ecology-a laboratory mennual" (1993), Chapman and Hall
- Ingestad, T., "Plant growth in relation to nitrogen supply;Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycles", Ecol Bull., 33(303), pp.268~271 (1981)
- IPCC, "Climate change 2007: Mitigation of climate change. Contribution of working group III to the fourth assessment report of the lnter-governmental panel on climate change" (2007), Cambridge University Press
- IUCN., "IUCN Red List of threatened species, version 2012" (2012)
- 김해란, "Effects of elevated CO₂ concentration and increased temperature on leaf related-physiological responses of Phytolacca insularis (native species) and Phytolacca americana (invasive species)", Journal of Ecology and Environment, 33(3), pp.195~204 (2010), 한국생태학회
- Kleijn, D., "In search for key biogeochemical factors affecting plant species persistence in heathland and acidic grasslands: A comparison of common and rare species", The Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, pp.680~687 (2008)[DOI]
- Knops, J. M. H., "The impact of elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>, increased nitrogen availability and biodiversity on plant tissue quality and decomposition, 2007, pp.13, 1960~1971
- Korner, C., "<TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> responsiveness of plants: A possible link to phloem loading, 1995, pp.18, 595~600
- Larsen, K. S., "Reduced N cycling in response to elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>, warming, and drought in a Danish heathland: Synthesizing results of the CLIMAITE project after two years of treatments, 2011, pp.17, 1884~1899
- Leakey, A. D. B., "Elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> effects on plant carbon, nitrogen, and water relations: Six important lessons from FACE, 2009, pp.60, 2859~2876
- LeBauer, D. S., "Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed", Ecology, 89, pp.371~379 (2008)[DOI]
- Lewis, J. D., "Seasonal patterns of photosynthetic light response in Douglas-fir seedlings subjected to elevated atmospheric <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> and temperature, 1999, pp.19, 243~252
- Li, Y. P., "Effects of elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> and temperature on photosynthesis and leaf traits of an understory dwarf bamboo in subalpine forest zone, China, 2013, pp.148, 261~272
- Long, S. P., "Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide: Plants FACE the future", Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55, pp.591~628 (2004)[DOI]
- Makino, A., "Biochemistry of <TEX>$C_3$<", TEX>-photosynthesis in high <TEX>$CO_2$<, Journal of Plant Research, pp.1994, 107[DOI]
- Malcolm, J. R., "Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots", Conservation Biology, 20, pp.538~548 (2006)[DOI]
- Maschinski, J., "Using population viability analysis to predict the effects of climate change on the extinction risk of an endangered limestone endemic shrub, Arizona Cliffrose", Conservation Biology, 520, pp.218~228 (2006)
- McGuire, A. D., "The role of nitrogen in the response of forest net primary production to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide", Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 26, pp.473~503 (1995)[DOI]
- and temperature on a eucalypt-feeding insect herbivore, "Global Change Biology", 2013, 1407~1416, 10.1111[DOI]
- Nakano, H., "The effect of elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> partial pressure of <TEX>$CO_2$<, Plant Physiology, pp.1997, 115[DOI]
- Parmesan, C., "A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems", Nature, 421, pp.37~42 (2003)
- Pounds, J. A., "Biological response to climate change on a tropical mountain", Nature, 398, pp.611~615 (1999)
- Rands, M. R. W., "Biodiversity conservation: Challenges beyond 2010", Science, 329, pp.1298~1303 (2010)[DOI]
- 신동훈, "CO2농도 및 온도 증가가 한국특산식물 섬자리공의 식물계절학 및 번식생태학적 특성 변화에 미치는 영향", 한국습지학회지, 14(1), pp.1~9 (2012), 한국습지학회
- Taub, D. R., "Why are nitrogen concentrations in plant tissues lower under elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>? A critical examination of the hypotheses, 2008, pp.50, 1365~1374
- Thomas, C. D., "Extinction risk from climate change", Nature, 427, pp.145~148 (2004)[DOI]
- Tjoelker, M. G., "Changes in leaf nitrogen and carbohydrates underlie temperature and <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> acclimation of dark respiration in five boreal tree species, 1999, pp.22, 767~778
- Vie, J. C., "Wildlife in a changing world - An analysis of the 2008 IUCN red list of threatened species" (2009)
- Wang, D., "A meta-analysis of plant physiological and growth responses to temperature and elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>, 2012, pp.169, 1~13
- Wertin, T. M., "The influence of elevated temperature, elevated atmospheric <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> concentration and water stress on net photosynthesis of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) at northern, central and southern sites in its native range, 2010, pp.16, 2089~2013
- Whittaker, J. B., "Impacts and responses at population level of herbivorous insects to elevated <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX>, 1999, pp.96, 149~156
- Yang, L., "Seasonal changes in the effects of free-air <TEX>$CO_2$<", TEX> enrichment (FACE) on dry matter production and distribution of rice, 2006, pp.98, 12~19