Successional changes in plant composition over 15 years in a created wetland in South Korea
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Backgrounds: The main purpose of this research was to assess changes in vegetation structure, wetland index, and diversity index for a 15-year-old created wetland in Jincheon, South Korea. The created wetland consists of four sub-wetlands: a kidney-shaped wetland, a ditch, an ecological pond, and a square wetland. Vegetation and water depth data were collected at each site in 1999 and 2013, and Shannon diversity and wetland indices were calculated. Results: The total number of plant species increased from 18 in 1999 to 50 in 2013, and the ecological pond in 1999 and the ditch in 2013 presented the highest diversity indices (2.5 and 3.2, respectively). Plant species were less diverse in 1999 than in 2013, presumably because these initial wetlands were managed periodically for water purification and installation of test beds. The proportion of wetland plants, including obligate wetland and facultative wetland species, decreased from 83 to 56%, whereas upland plants, including obligate upland and facultative upland species, increased from 17 to 44%. After ceasing water supply, water depth in all four sub-wetlands declined in 2013. Thus, upland plants established more readily at these sites, resulting in higher diversity and lower wetland indices than in 1999. Conclusions: The major floristic differences between 1999 and 2013 were an increase in the number of upland plants and a decrease in wetland species. Although wetland indices were lower in 2013, the created wetland performed important ecosystem functions by providing habitats for wetland and upland plants, and the overall species diversity was high.
Abstract
Backgrounds: The main purpose of this research was to assess changes in vegetation structure, wetland index, and diversity index for a 15-year-old created wetland in Jincheon, South Korea. The created wetland consists of four sub-wetlands: a kidney-shaped wetland, a ditch, an ecological pond, and a square wetland. Vegetation and water depth data were collected at each site in 1999 and 2013, and Shannon diversity and wetland indices were calculated. Results: The total number of plant species increased from 18 in 1999 to 50 in 2013, and the ecological pond in 1999 and the ditch in 2013 presented the highest diversity indices (2.5 and 3.2, respectively). Plant species were less diverse in 1999 than in 2013, presumably because these initial wetlands were managed periodically for water purification and installation of test beds. The proportion of wetland plants, including obligate wetland and facultative wetland species, decreased from 83 to 56%, whereas upland plants, including obligate upland and facultative upland species, increased from 17 to 44%. After ceasing water supply, water depth in all four sub-wetlands declined in 2013. Thus, upland plants established more readily at these sites, resulting in higher diversity and lower wetland indices than in 1999. Conclusions: The major floristic differences between 1999 and 2013 were an increase in the number of upland plants and a decrease in wetland species. Although wetland indices were lower in 2013, the created wetland performed important ecosystem functions by providing habitats for wetland and upland plants, and the overall species diversity was high.
참고문헌 (41)
- Baart I, "Prediction of potential macrophyte development in response to restoration measures in an urban riverine wetland", Aquat Bot, 93, pp.153~162 (2010)
- Casanova MT, "How do depth, duration and frequency of flooding influence the establishment of wetland plant communities?", Plant Ecol, 147, pp.237~250 (2000)
- Chen Y-N, "Ground-water level affects plant species diversity along the lower reaches of the Tarim river, Western China", J Arid Environ, 66, pp.231~246 (2006)
- Jong-Yun Choi, "Effects of habitat conditions in created wetlands on sustaining wintering waterfowl in riverine plains, Nakdong River, South Korea", Journal of Ecology and Environment, 38(3), pp.343~352 (2015), 한국생태학회[DOI]
- Categorizing vascular plant species occurring in wetland ecosystems of the Korean Peninsula, "Choung Y", Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration, ~ (2012)
- 정연숙, "Status of wetland vascular plant species in Korea", Journal of Ecology and Environment, 38(4), pp.541~544 (2015), 한국생태학회
- 추연수, "대형 저수지에서 호안 정비에 대한 식생의 반응", Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure, 3(2), pp.143~151 (2016), 응용생태공학회
- Cole CA, "Herbaceous plant community composition in created wetlands over seven years in northern New York, USA", Stud Hist Gard Des, 33, pp.235~247 (2013)
- Coles-Ritchie MC, "Use of a wetland index to evaluate changes in riparian vegetation after livestock exclusion", J Am Water Resour As, 43, pp.731~743 (2007)
- Hadad HR, "Macrophyte growth in a pilot-scale constructed wetland for industrial wastewater treatment", Chemosphere, 63, pp.1744~1753 (2006)
- Havens KJ, "Investigation and long-term monitoring of Phragmites australis within Virginia's constructed wetland sites", Environ Manag, 21, pp.599~605 (1997)
- Ho M, "A five year study of floristic succession in a restored urban wetland", Ecol Eng, 61, pp.511~518 (2013)
- Hsu C-B, "Biodiversity of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment", Ecol Eng, 37, pp.1533~1545 (2011)
- 김창환, "순천시 신평천 인공습지 조성 후 3년간 식생 및 생활형에 대한 연구", 한국환경생태학회지, 25(1), pp.57~64 (2011), 한국환경생태학회
- 김창환, "주암호 복내천 인공습지 조성 후 4년간의 식물상 변화연구", 한국환경복원기술학회지, 11(5), pp.25~37 (2008), 한국환경복원기술학회
- Kivaisi AK, "The potential for constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment and reuse in developing countries: a review", Ecol Eng, 16, pp.545~560 (2001)
- Lee TB, "Coloured flora of Korea" (2003), Hyang Mun Sa
- Makkay K, "Predicting diversity versus community composition of aquatic plants at the river scale", Aquat Bot, 88, pp.338~346 (2008)
- Mitsch WJ, "Restoration of wetlands in the Mississippi–Ohio–Missouri (MOM) River Basin: experience and needed research", Ecol Eng, 26, pp.55~69 (2006)
- Mitsch WJ, "Wetlands" (2000), John Wiley & Sons
- Mitsch WJ, "Creating riverine wetlands: ecological succession, nutrient retention, and pulsing effects", Ecol Eng, 25, pp.510~527 (2005)
- Mitsch WJ, "Creating wetlands: primary succession, water quality changes, and self-design over 15 years", Bioscience, 62, pp.237~250 (2012)
- Moore HH, "Vegetation change in created emergent wetlands (1988–1996) in Connecticut (USA)", Wetl Ecol Manag, 7, pp.177~191 (1999)
- Noon KF, "A model of created wetland primary succession", Landscape Urban Plann, 34, pp.97~123 (1996)
- Odland A, "Thirteen years of wetland vegetation succession following a permanent drawdown, Myrkdalen Lake, Norway", Plant Ecol, 162, pp.185~198 (2002)
- Ortmann-Ajkai A, "Twentyyears’changes of wetland vegetation: effects of floodplain-level threats", Wetlands, 38, pp.591~604 (2018)
- Park SH, "New illustrations and photographs of naturalized plants of Korea" (2009), Ilchokak Publishing Co. Ltd.
- Pier B, "Ecological analysis before and after planting in a constructed wetland in the Adirondacks", Wetlands, 35, pp.611~624 (2015)
- Rea N, "How emergent plants experience water regime in a Mediterranean-type wetland", Aquat Bot, 49, pp.117~136 (1994)
- Schlising RA, "Quantitative analysis of vegetation at the Richvale vernal pools, California", Am J Bot, pp.734~742 (1982)
- Shannon CE, "The mathematical theory of communication" (1949), University of Illinois press
- Shi J, "Vascular plant species richness on wetland remnants is determined by both area and habitat heterogeneity", Biodivers Conserv, 19, pp.1279~1295 (2010)
- 손덕주, "조성 후 15년이 경과한 인공습지의 식물상과 식생구조", Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure, 2(1), pp.54~63 (2015), 응용생태공학회[DOI]
- Tiner RW, "The concept of a hydrophyte for wetland identification", Bioscience, 41, pp.236~247 (1991)
- Toivonen H, "Ecology and production of aquatic macrophytes in the oligotrophic, mesohumic lake Suomunjärvi, eastern Finland", Ann Bot Fennici, 17, pp.69~85 (1980)
- Van der Valk A, "Succession in wetlands: a Gleasonian approach", Ecology, 62, pp.688~696 (1981)
- Vivian-Smith G, "Microtopographic heterogeneity and floristic diversity in experimental wetland communities", J Ecol, 85, pp.71~82 (1997)
- Vymazal J, "Plants in constructed, restored and created wetlands", Ecol Eng, 61, pp.501~504 (2013)
- Weiner SE, "Long-term competitive displacement of Typha latifolia by Typha angustifolia in a eutrophic lake", Oecologia, 94, pp.451~456 (1993)
- Wiegleb G, "To what extent can constructed wetlands enhance biodiversity?", Int J Environ Sci Dev, 8, pp.561~569 (2017)
- Wilson SD, "Competition, survivorship and growth in macrophyte communities", Freshw Biol, 25, pp.331~337 (1991)