Efficiency and Cognitive Load Analysis of Sketch-Based and Text-Based Approaches in Traditional Pattern Retrieval
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The digitization of cultural heritage has highlighted the challenge in retrieving traditional patterns, particularly because their visual encoded features are difficult to express accurately through standardized textual descriptions. To address this issue, this study compares sketch-based and text-based retrieval for Tujia traditional patterns, focusing on differences in cognitive load. A controlled experimental was conducted, integrating eye-tracking indicators（fixation duration, saccade amplitude, pupil diameter) with NASA-TLX workload ratings to assess both objective and subjective mental effort.Results show that sketch-based retrieval significantly reduces cognitive load compared with text-based methods, with the difference most evident in visually complex tasks.These findings represent that sketch interaction allows users to rely more directly on visual perception, reducing the need for linguistic encoding. As an exploratory study conducted with a relatively homogeneous participant group, the results provide initial evidence for designing more intuitive retrieval systems for digital cultural heritage. Future work will expand a more diverse participant diversity and explore multimodal approaches that integrate both sketch and text inputs.
Abstract
The digitization of cultural heritage has highlighted the challenge in retrieving traditional patterns, particularly because their visual encoded features are difficult to express accurately through standardized textual descriptions. To address this issue, this study compares sketch-based and text-based retrieval for Tujia traditional patterns, focusing on differences in cognitive load. A controlled experimental was conducted, integrating eye-tracking indicators（fixation duration, saccade amplitude, pupil diameter) with NASA-TLX workload ratings to assess both objective and subjective mental effort.Results show that sketch-based retrieval significantly reduces cognitive load compared with text-based methods, with the difference most evident in visually complex tasks.These findings represent that sketch interaction allows users to rely more directly on visual perception, reducing the need for linguistic encoding. As an exploratory study conducted with a relatively homogeneous participant group, the results provide initial evidence for designing more intuitive retrieval systems for digital cultural heritage. Future work will expand a more diverse participant diversity and explore multimodal approaches that integrate both sketch and text inputs.