희소성 메시지와 광고 배경색상이 소비자 반응에 미치는 영향: 설득 지식의 매개효과를 중심으로
Effect of Scarcity Message and Red Background on Consumer Response: The Mediating Role of Persuasion Knowledge
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기업은 희소성 메시지를 통해 타겟 광고의 설득효과를 높이고 이와 더불어 소비자로 하여금 광고에 주의를 끌기 위해 빨간색을 사용한다. 많은 선행연구를 통해 희소성 메시지의 긍정적 설득효과가 밝혀졌지만 본 연구는 광고의 배경색상에 의해 희소성 메시지의 설득효과가 사라질 수 있음을 보여주고자 한다. 희소성 메시지의 설득효과가 사라진 이유는 소비자의 설득지식의 활성화에 의한 것이다. 소비자가 광고의 빨간색에 의해 주의가 집중되면 주어진 정보를 많은 양의 인지적 자원을 소모하여 더 철저하게 처리한다. 결국 소비자의 주의를 끌기 위해 광고의 빨간색 배경을 사용하게 되면 소비자는 희소성 메시지가 지닌 기업의 상술이나 전략적 의도를 파악하게 되어 희소성 메시지에 대한 소비자의 반응은 오히려 감소하게 된다. 이러한 가설을 검증하기 위해 2(메시지: 일반 vs. 희소성) x 2(배경색상 : 흰색 vs. 빨간색)의 실험을 실시하였고, 제안된 가설이 지지되었음을 확인하였다. 다시 말해, 광고의 배경이 흰색일 때는 일반 메시지보다 희소성 메시지에 대한 소비자 반응이 더 긍정적으로 나타난 반면, 광고의 배경이 빨간색일 때, 일반 메시지와 희소성 메시지 간의 소비자 반응은 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 추가적으로 이러한 효과는 소비자의 설득 지식에 의해 매개됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 기업과 마케터에게 이론적 기여와 실무적 시사점을 제공한다.
Abstract
Companies use scarcity messages along with red backgrounds in advertisements to improve the effectiveness of their targeted marketing. Previous research has demonstrated the persuasive effect of scarcity messages; this study demonstrates that the background color of an advertisement can reduce this persuasive effect. This decline in persuasive effect can be attributed to the activation of consumers’ persuasion knowledge. When consumers’ attention is captured by the color red, they process information more thoroughly and expend a substantial amount of cognitive resources. Consequently, they become more skeptical of the company’s claims and strategic intentions communicated through scarcity messages, resulting in a decreased response to such messages. To test this hypothesis, this study conducted an experiment with a 2 (message: control vs. scarcity) × 2 (background color: white vs. red) design; the proposed hypothesis was supported. When the background color of an advertisement was white, consumers responded more positively to scarcity messages than to control messages. However, no significant difference was found in consumer response between control and scarcity messages when the background color was red. In addition, the persuasive effect was mediated by consumers’ persuasion knowledge. The study provides theoretical contributions and outlines practical implications for businesses and marketers.
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