홀리스틱 교육의 기초로서 영성 및 영적 발달 개념에 대한 논의
A Study on the Concept of “Spirituality” and “Spiritual Development” as a Basis for Holistic Education
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홀리스틱 교육은 학생의 지적․감성적․신체적․미학적․사회적 발달을 모두 꾀하는 진보교육 또는 인본주의 교육에 영적인 차원까지 추가하여 교육과정에서 학생들로 하여금 우주와의 연결, wholeness를 자각하도록 하는 교육으로 영적인 특성이 그 핵심에 놓인다. 그러나 실제 홀리스틱 교육과정이나 교육현장을 보면 기존의 전인교육과 비교해 굳이 영성이라는 용어를 쓸 만한 큰 차이점을 찾을 수 없고, 무엇보다 홀리스틱 교육철학을 현장에 적용하는 과정, 실천에 관한 연구는 많이 있지만 가장 중요한 요소인 영성이나 영적 발달 개념 자체에 대한 철학적 연구는 잘 이루어져 있지 않다. 홀리스틱 교육이 공교육에서 보다 활성화되기 위해서는 영성이 중요한 교육적 주제로 인식되어야 하며, 이를 위해서는 영성이나 영적 발달에 대한 개념을 그 자체로서 단순하게 기술할 것이 아니라 철학적 언어로서 더 구체화시킬 필요가 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 교육적 맥락에 적합한 영성 개념으로 인식 감각(awareness sensing)을 중심으로 하는 영적 민감성 개념을 택하여 이를 포스트모더니즘의 관점으로 조명해 보고 이어 영적 발달 개념에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The holistic education is extended to include a spiritual dimension, from the progressive education or the humanistic education which is in pursuit of an intellectual, emotional, physical, aesthetical and social development, and the spiritual quality which makes students aware the connectedness to the universe and the wholeness is essential for this education. However, when we actually compared the holistic education to the existing whole-person education, especially in the curriculum and field, any notable difference cannot be found to such a degree that we can suggest the new dimension, the spirituality is included. Furthermore, while there are many studies on the curriculum and practice that the holistic education philosophy is applied to the field, studies on the concept of spirituality and spiritual development itself which is the most fundamental element of the holistic education are insufficient. To activate the holistic education in the public education than ever, the spirituality should be perceived as the important educational theme, so this concept needs to be put into shape with the philosophical language. Thus the goal of this study is to focus on the concept oaf spirituality from a postmodern point of view with the “awareness sensing” and the “spiritual sensitivity” which is a suitable spiritual concept in the educational context, and discuss the concept of spiritual development in succession.
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