Ken Wilber의 통합이론과 홀리스틱 교육과정
Ken Wilber’s Integral Theory and Holistic Curriculum
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초록
이 논문은 정신과학 분야의 Einstein이라고 부르고 있는 Ken Wilber의 통합이론이 홀리스틱 교육과정에 주는 함의를 논의하였다. Wilber의 통합이론(integral theory)은 진, 선, 미의 문화적 가치권의 분화라는 근대성의 성과를 포함하면서도 그 분열과 파편화를 극복하기 위한 통합을 모색하는 데서 상당히 설득력 있는 대안을 제시하고 있다. Wilber는 수직적으로는 감각적 세계로부터 합리적․영적 세계까지를 아우르고 수평적으로는 진, 선, 미를 포괄하며 이들 사이의 긴밀한 상관관계를 포착할 수 있는 통합적 진리관과 통합적 비전, 만물의 이론을 제시하고 있다. 이러한 점에서 Wilber의 통합이론은 홀리스틱 교육, 특히 홀리스틱 교육과정을 보는 관점에 많은 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 홀리스틱 교육의 심리학적 토대인 자아초월심리학(transpersonal psychology) 분야에서 Wilber가 제시하는 통합이론은 홀리스틱 교육과정의 세 가지 관점인 균형, 포괄, 연관의 관점과 맥을 같이한다는 점을 확인하였다.
Abstract
This study investigated Ken Wilber’s integral theory and its relationship to holistic curriculum. Ken Wilber is an American author who writes on psychology, philosophy, mysticism, ecology, and spiritual evolution. He has been described as New Age, although his writings are critical of much of the New Age Movement. His work formulates what he calls an “integral theory of consciousness”. He is a leading proponent of the integral movement and founded the Integral Institute in 1998. While Wilber has practiced Buddhist meditation methods and the teachings of Madhyamika Buddhism and Nagarjuna in particular underpin his work, he does not identify himself as a Buddhist. Wilber’s integral theory consists in mysticism and the great chain of being, holism, AQAL (All Quadrants All Levels), Theory of Truth. These concepts are related to holistic education, especially holsitic curriculum, which is characterized as balance, inclusion, and connection. However, Wilber asks to shy away from “flat holism”, which emphasizes exterior realities other than interior ones.
참고문헌 (21)
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