기후변화에 대비한 온실가스 배출권 거래제도 도입 동향과 정책적 시사점
A Study on the Greenhouse Emission Trading Scheme to mitigate Climate Change and Policy Implications
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초록
지구 온난화를 완화하기 위한 기후변화협상이 2009년 12월 타결을 목표로 현재 진행되고 있다. 특히 미국과 유럽연합 등 선진국은 기후변화협상을 계기로 녹색성장전략을 통하여 근본적인 경제사회체제 개혁을 추구하고 있다. 이와 같은 움직임은 에너지절약과 환경개선은 물론 국제 경제구조와 통상질서를 획기적으로 전환하는 시발점이 될 수 있다. 이에 본고에서는 기후변화협상 동향을 살펴보고 기후변화 대응체계에서 핵심이 되는 온실가스 배출권 거래제도를 검토한다. 특히 주요국 배출권 제도를 비교 분석하고 탄소관세 등 국경세 조정에 대한 문제점을 논의한다. 이를 통하여 우리나라 온실가스 대책의 문제점을 지적하고 협상방향을 제시하며 배출권 거래제도 도입에 대비한 정책적 시사점을 모색하고자 한다.
Abstract
The Post Kyoto climate change negotiation to mitigate global warming was launched with the aiming of concluding by December 2009. Apart from the climate change negotiations, many developed countries including the United States and European Union are seeking fundamental social economic changes through various green growth strategies. This may be a major turning point for global economic structure and trade order as well as energy conservation and environmental improvement. This paper reviews ongoing climate change negotiations and studies emission trading scheme which has become an integral instrument for action against climate change. Especially, the paper engages in compa- rative analysis of emission trading schemes of major developed countries and discusses problems associated with border tax adjustment such as carbon tariff. Through such exercises, we hope to gain some insight for the implementation of emission trading scheme, to develop the direction for upcoming climate change negotiation and to criticize our policy response toward global warming.
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