백파 긍선의 십선계 주장과 계율적 경향

Abstract

This article focuses on the ordination part of Paragon of Rules on Conduct 作法龜鑑(K. Chakpŏp kwigam) book published in 1827, the arguments of Paekp’a Kŭngsŏn(白坡亘璇, 1767-1852)’s ten wholesome precepts 十善戒 and the preceptive tendencies or significance contained therein. Looking at the Paragon of Rules on Conduct, Paekp’a is greatly disheartened by the collapse of the traditional Buddhist monk aqueduct consciousness at the time and the confusion of the denomination resulting from this, and seeks to improve this confusion through the ten wholesome precepts accompanied by true repentance. It is believed that the ten wholesome precepts can promote the inner improvement of the monks in that it is a system that can control the defilements of the bodily actions, speech, and thought, especially the ‘thought 意’. Originally, as Four Part Vinaya 四分律, it is the traditional method to receive bhikṣu ordination, so it is argued that it is not in accordance with the aquatic tradition that only the ten wholesome precepts can be received. However, Paekp’a has given important meaning to the ten wholesome precepts by faithfully following the traditions such as the Yogâcāra precepts and Jinpyo 眞表’s repentance practice, which have had a great influence on the commandment tradition of Korean Buddhism. In addition, from the standpoint of the determination of self-purity, the ten wholesome precepts is positioned within the three categories of pure precepts 三聚淨戒, so that the monks naturally grasp the pure nature of their own, so that they naturally leave evil and develop the good, and furthermore, they take an independent position to provide relief for rebirth. By adding them, bhikṣu has established itself as the ultimate commandment that can complete the bodhisattva practice.