동아시아 고대 신발 명칭의 통시적(通時的) 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the footwear culture of the three East Asian countries in a diachronic perspective by focusing on the ancient footwear names in Chinese characters. The spatial range of the study is the three East Asian countries of Korea, Japan and China. The time range is set as far back as the 10th century. The study was conducted by first defining the literal and etymological concepts and definitions of the footwear names of the three countries. Next I identified the formative characteristics through images such as relics, murals and paintings. After studying the names according to their definitions and identifying their characteristics, it was found that Chinese characters related to footwear are mostly determinative-phonetic characters and allowed to infer what the footwear was made of. In addition, there were a number of footwear names in Chinese characters from the three countries. These shared similar definitions and concepts. Records of their concepts from China (the place of origin of the characters) were relatively more specific and detailed in comparison to the other two countries. In order to identify the types of footwear that match with the names in Chinese characters that describe the characteristics, the formative characteristics of the footwear were analyzed by studying footwear from each country through ancient records, relics and images. Ancient Chinese records showed that ‘Seok(舃)’ and ‘Ku(屨)’ were used in the ancient times, and ‘Li(履)’ was used during the Han(漢) dynasty, then was replaced by ‘Hye(鞵)’ in the Sui(隨) and the Tang(唐) dynasties. ‘Seok(舃)’ and ‘Ku(屨)’ from the ancient times were different because of the manufacturing methods of the soles. However, the difference between ‘Hye(鞵)’ and ‘Li’ was shown to be ambiguous. The definitions of the two types from the three countries showed to have meaningful differences. ‘Hwa(靴)’, which was commonly found in all three countries, was worn and defined as a type of footwear that is high-cut and comes up to the ankle or above. However, it was found that ‘Hwa’ varied in manufacturing methods or structure depending on the time of origin.