본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

L2 학습자의 인지적 변인과 습득 간의 관계에 대한 연구 고찰

Investigating research on the relationship between learners' cognitive variables and L2 acquisition

0

조회

0

다운로드

2

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류한국어와문학

초록

This study investigated the relationship between L2 learning and learners' cognitive variables, and figured its research trend and issues. Studies on language aptitude, working memory, and executive functioning were selected and reviewed. Most studies revealed the advantages of high language aptitude, high working memory, and high executive functioning on L2 learning (explicit or implicit), feedback intake (explicit feedback or recast), and language skill (reading, speaking, listening, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and speech act) accomplishment and so on. However, this study claimed that more study results should be accumulated to provide solid research results of cognitive variables on detailed areas of L2 learning, and proposed future research issues. Especially in research of L2 Korean learners, cognitive factors have been rarely studied and restricted in their topic. More research should be implemented to draw their own results on L2 Korean learners that shed light on understanding L2 Korean learners and help find better teaching and learning methodology.

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between L2 learning and learners' cognitive variables, and figured its research trend and issues. Studies on language aptitude, working memory, and executive functioning were selected and reviewed. Most studies revealed the advantages of high language aptitude, high working memory, and high executive functioning on L2 learning (explicit or implicit), feedback intake (explicit feedback or recast), and language skill (reading, speaking, listening, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and speech act) accomplishment and so on. However, this study claimed that more study results should be accumulated to provide solid research results of cognitive variables on detailed areas of L2 learning, and proposed future research issues. Especially in research of L2 Korean learners, cognitive factors have been rarely studied and restricted in their topic. More research should be implemented to draw their own results on L2 Korean learners that shed light on understanding L2 Korean learners and help find better teaching and learning methodology.

참고문헌 (81)

  1. 김영주, "한국어 학습자의 심리적, 사회적 요인과 구어 통사 복합도 간의 상관관계", 한국어교육, 28(2), pp.1~36 (2017), 국제한국어교육학회[DOI]
  2. 김영주, "미국인 학습자의 한국어 습득과 인지ㆍ심리적 제약", 이중언어학, (49), pp.59~86 (2012), 이중언어학회[DOI]
  3. 김영주, "중국인 학습자의 한국어 습득과 인지․심리적 제약", 국어교육, (139), pp.557~588 (2012), 한국어교육학회
  4. 남주연, "언어적성과 한국어 문법성 판단 능력의 상관관계 연구", 언어, 37(1), pp.131~155 (2012), 한국언어학회[DOI]
  5. 백준오, "Cognitive Factors and Spoken Syntactic Development of L2 Korean Learners: Regularities and Variations", 응용언어학, 33(2), pp.107~136 (2017), 한국응용언어학회
  6. 백준오, "작업기억: 제2언어 발달과의 상관성과 측정 방법론", 응용언어학, 29(1), pp.127~150 (2013), 한국응용언어학회
  7. 이은하, "한국어 학습자의 인지적·정의적 개인차 요인과 제2언어 성취 간의 관계", 이중언어학, (46), pp.253~296 (2011), 이중언어학회[DOI]
  8. 임우열, "중국인 한국어 학습자의 개인적 변인과 발음 숙달도 간의 상관성", Foreign Languages Education, 22(3), pp.307~331 (2015), 한국외국어교육학회
  9. Abrahamsson, N, "The robustness of aptitude effects in near-native second language acquisition", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 30(4), pp.481~ (2008)[DOI]
  10. Atkinson, R. C., "The psychology of learning and motivation Vol. 2", pp.89~195 (1968), Academic Press
  11. Baddeley, A. D., "The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory" (1974), Academic Press
  12. 백준오, "인지·심리적 요인이 제2언어 습득에 미치는 영향: 구조방정식 모형을 통한 재조명", 응용언어학, 32(2), pp.175~198 (2016), 한국응용언어학회
  13. Biedroń, A, "Working memory and short-term memory abilities in accomplished multilinguals", The Modern Language Journal, 96(2), pp.290~306 (2012)
  14. Bowles, A. R, "Pitch ability as an aptitude for tone learning", Language Learning, 66(4), pp.774~808 (2016)
  15. Boyle, W, "Investigating the role of verbal working memory in young children’s sentence comprehension", Language Learning, 63(2), pp.211~242 (2013)
  16. Bylund, E., "Language aptitude in first language attrition: A study on late Spanish-Swedish bilinguals", Applied Linguistics, 37(5), pp.621~638 (2016)
  17. Bylund, E., "The role of language aptitude in first language attrition: The case of pre-pubescent attriters", Applied Linguistics, 31(3), pp.443~464 (2010)
  18. Carroll, J. B., "Individual differences and universals in language aptitude", pp.83~118 (1981), Newbury House
  19. Carroll, J. B., "Modern Language Aptitude Test" (1959), The Psychological Corporation
  20. Dahlen, K, "Rehearsal and aptitude in foreign vocabulary learning", The Modern Language Journal, 97(4), pp.902~916 (2013)
  21. Daneman, M, "Individual differences in working memory and eading", Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4), pp.450~466 (1980)
  22. Daneman M, "Working memory and language comprehension: A meta-analysis", Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, pp.422~433 (1996)
  23. DeKeyser, R, "The handbook of second language acquisition" (2008), Blackwell Publishing
  24. Dörnyei, Z., "Psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition" (2005), Lawrence Erlbaum Asscociates
  25. Dörnyei, Z., "Motivation, language identity and the L2 self", pp.9~42 (2009), Multilingual Matters
  26. Ehrman, M. E, "Cognition plus: Correlates of language learning success", The Modern Language Journal, 79(1), pp.67~89 (1995)
  27. Erlam, Rosemary, "Language aptitude and its relationship to instructional effectiveness in second language acquisition", Language Teaching Research, 9(2), pp.147~171 (2005)
  28. Goo, J, "Working memory and reactivity", Language Learning, 60(4), pp.712~752 (2010)
  29. Goo, J, "Corrective feedback and working memory capacity in interaction-driven L2 learning", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 34, pp.445~474 (2012)
  30. Granena, G., "Individual differences in sequence learning ability and second language acquisition in early childhood and adulthood", Language Learning, 63(4), pp.665~703 (2013)
  31. Granena, G, "Language aptitude and long-term achievement in early childhood L2 learners", Applied Linguistics, 35(4), pp.483~503 (2014)
  32. Granena, H, "Age of onset, length of residence, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment in three linguistic domains", Second Language Research, 29(3), pp.311~343 (2013)
  33. Grigorenko, E. L., "A theory-based approach to the measurement of foreign Language Learning ability: The Canal-F theory and test", The Modern Language Journal, 84(3), pp.390~405 (2000)
  34. Harley, B, "Language aptitude and second language proficiency in classroom learners of different starting ages", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, pp.379~400 (1997)
  35. Harrington, M, "L2 working memory capacity and L2 reading skill", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, pp.25~38 (1992)
  36. Havik, E., "Processing subject-object ambiguities in the L2: A self-paced reading study with German L2 learners of Dutch", Language Learning, 59(1), pp.73~112 (2009)
  37. Kempe, V, "Second Language Learning of complex inflectional systems", Language Learning, pp.703~746 (2008)
  38. Kempe, V, "Cognitive predictors of generalization of Russian grammatical gender categories", Language Learning, 60(1), pp.127~153 (2010)
  39. Kim, Y, "The interaction of task-based interaction, task complexity, and working memory L2 question development through Recasts in a laboratory setting", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 37, pp.549~581 (2015)
  40. Kormos, J., "The interaction of linguistic and motivational variables in second language task performance", Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht, 9(2), pp.1~19 (2004)
  41. Kormos, J, "The role of task complexity, modality, and aptitude in narrative task performance", Language Learning, 62(2), pp.439~472 (2012)
  42. Leeser, M. J., "Learner-based factors in L2 reading comprehension and processing grammatical form: Topic familiarity and working memory", Language Learning, 57(2), pp.229~270 (2007)
  43. Li, S, "The interactions between the effects of implicit and explicit feedback and individual differences in language analytic ability and working memory", Modern Language Journal, 97(3), pp.634~654 (2013)
  44. Linck, J. A, "Hi-LAB: A new measure of aptitude for high-level language proficiency", Language Learning, 63(3), pp.530~566 (2013)
  45. Linck, J. A., "Inhibitory control predicts language switching performance in trilingual speech production", Bilingualism:Language and Cognition, 15, pp.651~662 (2012)
  46. Mackey, A., "Older Learners in SLA Research: A first look at working memory, feedback, and L2 development", Language Learning, 62(3), pp.704~740 (2012)
  47. Mackey, A, "Exploring the relationship between modified output and working memory capacity", Language Learning, 60(3), pp.501~533 (2010)
  48. Martin, K. I., "Language acquisition: The roles of phonological short-term memory and working memory in L2 grammar and vocabulary learning", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 34(3), pp.379~413 (2012)
  49. McDonough, K, "The role of statistical learning and working memory in L2 speakers pattern learning", The Modern Language Journal, 100(2), pp.428~445 (2016)
  50. Meara P, "Swansea Language Aptitude Tests (LAT) v.2.0" (2003), Lognostics
  51. Miyake A, "The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex 'frontal lobe' tasks: a latent variable analysis", Cognitive Psychology, 41, pp.49~100 (2000)
  52. Montgomery, W., "Working memory and specific language impairment: an update on the relation and perspectives on assessment and treatment", American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 19, pp.78~94 (2010)
  53. O’Brien, I, "Phonological memory predicts second language oral fluency gains in adults", Studies in Second Language Acqusition, 29(4), pp.557~581 (2007)
  54. Pimsleur, P, "Aptitude testing", Language Learning, 18(s3), pp.73~77 (1968)
  55. Rai, M. K, "Effects of stress and working memory capacity on foreign language readers’ inferential processing during comprehension", Language Learning, 61(1), pp.187~218 (2011)
  56. Révész, A, "Working memory and the observed effectiveness of recasts on different L2 outcome measures", Language Learning, 62(1), pp.93~132 (2012)
  57. Robinson, P, "Cognitive abilities, chunk-strength, and frequency effects in implicit artificial grammar and incidental L2 learning: Replications of Reber, Walkenfeld, and Hernstadt (1991) and Knowlton and Squire (1996) and Their Relevance for SLA", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 27(2), pp.235~268 (2005)
  58. Ross, Steven, "Individual differences and instructed Language Learning", pp.267~300 (2002), John Benjamins Publishing Company
  59. Rysiewicz, J., "Cognitive profiles of (un)successful FL learners: A cluster analytical study", The Modern Language Journal, 92, pp.87~99 (2008)
  60. Sagarra, N., "Optimizing the noticing of recasts via computer-delivered feedback: Evidence that oral input enhancement and working memory help second Language Learning", The Modern Language Journal, 97(1), pp.196~216 (2013)
  61. Saito, Y, "Foreign language reading anxiety", The Modern Language Journal, 83(2), pp.202~218 (1999)
  62. Sanz, C, "One size fits all? Learning conditions and working memory capacity in Ab Initio language development", Applied Linguistics, 37(5), pp.669~692 (2016)
  63. Sawyer, M., "Cognition and second language acquisition", pp.319~353 (2001), Cambridge University Press
  64. Segalowitz, Norman, "Context, contact, and cognition in oral fluency acquisition: Learning Spanish in At Home and Study Abroad Contexts", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26, pp.173~199 (2004)
  65. Serafini, E. J, "Evidence for the decreasing impact of cognitive ability on second language development as proficiency increases", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, pp.1~40 (2015)
  66. Smemoe, W, B, "The effect of Language Learning aptitude, strategy use and learning context on L2 pronunciation learning", Applied Linguistics, 34(4), pp.435~456 (2013)
  67. Sparks, R. L, "Subcomponents of second language aptitude and second language proficiency", The Modern Language Journal, 95(2), pp.253~273 (2011)
  68. Thompson, A. S., "The interface of language aptitude and multilingualism:Reconsidering the bilingual", multilingual dichotomy, 2013, pp.97(3), 685~701
  69. Trude, A. M., "Negative transfer from Spanish and English to Portuguese pronunciation: The roles of inhibition and working memory", Language Learning, 61(1), pp.259~280 (2011)
  70. Turner, M. L, "Is working memory capacity task dependent?", Journal of Memory & Language, 28, pp.127~154 (1989)
  71. Vandergrift, L., "Learner variables in second language listening comprehension: An exploratory path analysis", Language Learning, 65(2), pp.390~416 (2015)
  72. VanPatten, B., "Explicit information, grammatical sensitivity, and the first-noun principle: A cross-linguistic study in processing instruction", The Modern Language Journal, 97(2), pp.506~527 (2013)
  73. Walter, C, "Transfer of reading comprehension skills to L2 is linked to mental representations of text and to L2 working memory", Applied Linguistics, 25(3), pp.315~339 (2004)
  74. Walter, C, "Can we predict task difficulty in an oral proficiency test? Exploring the potential of an information processing approach to task design", Language Learning, 35(3), pp.530~566 (2013)
  75. Wechsler, D., "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale" (1997), Harcourt Assessment
  76. Wesche, M. B., "Individual differences and universals in Language Learning aptitude" (1981), Newbury House
  77. Williams, J. N, "Phonological memory and rule learning", Language Learning, 53(1), pp.67~121 (2003)
  78. Winke, P, "An investigation into second language aptitude for advanced chinese Language Learning", The Modern Language Journal, 97(1), pp.109~130 (2013)
  79. Xiang, H., "The structural connectivity underpinning language Aptitude, Working Memory, and IQ in the Pennsylvanian Language Network", Language Learning, 62(suppl. 2), pp.110~130 (2012)
  80. Yalçın, Ş, "Language aptitude and grammatical difficulty", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 38(2), pp.239~263 (2016)
  81. Yilmaz, Y., "Relative effects of explicit and implicit feedback: The role of working memory capacity and language analytic ability", Applied Linguistics, 34(3), pp.344~368 (2013)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (10건)