한국어와 베트남어 선택 관계 접속문의 통사적 특징에 대한 대조 연구

Abstract

This study aims to identify the similarities and differences between Korean and Vietnamese through a comparative analysis of the syntactic characteristics of alternative coordination constructions in both languages. This study compares the Korean alternative conjunctive endings -kena and -tunci with their Vietnamese equivalents hay and hoặc, examining four key syntactic dimensions: constraints on subject identity, predicate combination, tense and aspect usage, and sentence type compatibility. Firstly, in terms of the subject identity constraint, neither Korean nor Vietnamese imposes a requirement for subject uniformity between the antecedent and subsequent clauses within alternative coordination constructions. Secondly, in terms of predicate combination, the alternative coordination forms can naturally combine with verbs, adjectives, and copula -ita, showing minimal syntactic restrictions. Thirdly, both languages show no significant constraints when combining with past and present tense markers; however, the Korean conjunctive ending -tunci exhibits restrictions when used with future tense forms. Korean, in particular, demonstrates aspect-sensitive constraints depending on the type of conjunctive ending, especially with perfective and prospective aspects. In contrast, Vietnamese coordinators such as hoặc and hay combine freely with tense and aspect markers, exhibiting minimal syntactic restrictions. Lastly, both languages freely use alternative coordinators across various sentence types, including declaratives, interrogatives, imperatives, and exhortatives. The significance of this study lies in its attempt to identify corresponding expressions in Korean and Vietnamese alternative coordination constructions based on authentic examples and to compare the syntactic characteristics of these constructions across various dimensions.