변화하는 섬 사회의 과제와 정책방향 - 전라남도 섬 발전정책을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study examined the current situation and problems of island societies in Jeollanam province that keep changing and diagnosed the current policy projects. Moreover, this study suggested not only the direction of developing islands in Jeollanam province, but also the methods of improving institutional measures. To achieve these objectives, this study delimited research areas to the inhabited islands in Jeollanam province and also kept within th time frame from 2015 to the present. As the province that is ranked first in the numbers of islands in South Korea, Jeollanam province has more interest in island-related policies and development. As of the end of December 2020, Jeollanam province has 271 inhabited islands and 1,885 uninhabited islands, which total 2,165, accounting for 64% of the islands in South Korea. When considering the fact that approximately 20,000 people have left islands recently over the past six years and one island is being uninhabited every year, current policy efforts of Jeollanam province to resolve these fundamental problems do not seem to be enough. Moreover, the province has failed to present clear direction for island development and their use. The following summarizes the policy recommendations of this study to respond to the changing reality of the island society in Jeollanam province. First of all, Jeollanam province needs to establish the basic ordinance for island development. This will provide local government with a legal base to regularly investigate changes of the island communities in Jeollanam province. On the basis of this basic ordinance, establishing a master plan for island development will also be required. Second, as an effort to respond actively to the continuous changes of the island community, island development needs to set up the vision directed to achieving sustainable island development, which is not a temporal solution for the problems that the island communities are now encountering. Third, for the sustainable island development in Jeollanam province, the policy project has to be more focused on improving the quality of life of the island community than prioritizing tourist welfare visiting the islands. The tourism policy of the islands should be conducted in the direction to build a long-term, in-depth relationship of the tourists with community members on the islands rather than one time tourism based on the short-term, superficial relationship between tourists and the community members. Island development has to be conducted in the direction that both improves and preserves the unique values of island resources through the development efforts to harmonize preservation and use of the resources. Fourth, along with the efforts for continuously improving settlement living conditions of the island communities, more efforts to improve access for the island communities to administration, culture, welfare, medical, and educational services will be required. In this process, community empowerment based on the community demands should be prioritized. Fifth, it will be required to shift the way of island development from the administration-led system to the governance system in which diverse stakeholders participate. To facilitate this modification, the center for island development in Jeollanam province has to play a role successfully as the intermediary support organization, so necessary administrative support will be needed.