서클시지 『진달래』를 통해서 본 50년대 ‘재일’여성

Abstract

Koreans in Japan established ‘Poets’ Society in Osaka’, a club in 1953 and published 『Jin Dal Rae』, their poetry magazine. There was no doubt that main agents of club poetry movement in 50’s were men, but it couldn’t be ignored that there were records and testifications of female descriptors in the magazine. This study was aimed to examine how the female descriptors specifically described the age and what kinds of lives they were through by focusing on 『Jin Dal Rae』, their club magazine. In Japanese society after war, women education and women's organizations made rapid progress after ‘enfranchisement’ of GHQ and ‘Japanese women's emancipation’ directive. Koreans in Japan formed an organization, ‘Democratic Female Union of Koreans in Japan’(Female Union), and led an active movement. Unfortunately, ‘women´s liberation’ became a secondary problem before a political barrier of ‘nationality’ to Japanese women's organizations or ‘Female Union’ of Koreans in Japan. As the female descriptors of 『Jin Dal Rae』were benefited from public education in the Japanese language, they were aware of their national identity in Japanese society and actively participated in national movements with militant writing. Though they had a perception that it was the feudal family system that has restrained women, ‘women’s rights’ were not an urgent issue to ethnically discriminatory lives in Japan. Furthermore, more time was needed for Korean women in Japan in 50’s to overcome their internalized limitation, a wise mother and good wife syndrome. On the other hand, they were through lives in Japan in 50’s as unidentified Korean women in Japan wrote for Korean nation with fighting spirit and strong will at a place of public expression,『Jin Dal Rae』or sometimes shouted woe by realizing themselves as a woman, a wife, a daughter-in-law, and a mother.