歌舞伎における疾病 －その機能と社会的な意味を中心に－

Abstract

This paper focuses on aspescts of diseases on the Kabuki in the Edo era. Diseases in literature have been thought of as a mirror reflecting society and an advance hint of stories. In the kabuki, problems continue to occur, such as an loss of treasure, a revenge of parents or lovers. Characters in kabuki sold there daughters or wife, or sacrificed there own sons or daughters try to solve this problems. The audience are touched by the stories such as sacrificing ownself or sacrificing own families. In a words diseases have a function of causing conflict in the Kabuki. But a feigned illness does the opposite function. Characters in kabuki pretend to be ill for resolving conflict. And I reported changes in Kabuki content due to wrong medical knowledge as an example of “Tokaido Yotuyakaidan”. The people of Edo believed that contaminated blood would cause illness such as syphilis and leprosy. The disturbed sex custom was believed to foul the blood. Oiwa, who is a heroine of “Tokaido Yotuyakaidan”, sicked of ‘ti-no-miti’ or blood disease. Oiwa was a woman of strong morals and sicked pimple in the original story. But Oiwa in the Kabuki was a prostitute and her diseases changed to blood desease 100 years after original story. This is a result reflecting changes in society.