집단치료놀이를 통한 아동의사회적 상호작용 탐색: 감정과 행동에 대한 뇌신경학적 해석을 중심으로
Exploration on social interaction of children through Group TheraplayⓇ : From a perspective of neuroscience about emotion and behavior
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본 연구는 집단치료놀이에서 나타난 아동의 감정과 행동을 중심으로 사회적 상호작용 맥락을 드러내고그 현상을 뇌신경학적으로 해석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 그간 집단치료놀이의 효과성에 대한 많은 증거- 기반 입증에도 불구하고 심리치료에 이론적 바탕을 제공하는 뇌신경학적 관점에서 집단치료놀이를 바라보거나 해석한 적이 없다는 점에 착안하여 본 연구는 시작되었다. 학문의 심층성, 다양성을 확보한다는 의미에서 집단치료놀이 상호작용에 대한 자세한 기술과 분석을 토대로 질적 사례연구를 실시하였다. 만 4세 아동 8명과 집단치료놀이 상호작용을 현상학적으로 기술하고 뇌신경학적으로 해석한 연구결과는다음과 같다. 집단치료놀이 실시 과정에서 아이들의 표정 및 행동변화, 함께하는 즐거움이 나타났다. 눈맞춤과 웃음의 증가가 보였다. 손을 잡는 접촉이 자연스러워지고 경쟁적이거나 부정적인 감정과 행동이 줄었다. 아동의 감정과 행동의 변화는 상호조율, 상호조절, 접촉과 모방과의 연관성을 보였다. 뇌신경학적으로 이러한 변화가 가능했던 이유는, 집단치료놀이가 ‘아동의 용인 범위 확장에 관여’했기 때문이었다. 또한 ‘우뇌와우뇌 간의 교감을 추구’했으며 ‘상향식 두뇌발달에 관여하는, 즐거운 놀이의 체험’이 가능했기 때문이었다. 본 연구는 뇌신경학적 해석을 통해 사회적 상호작용에 대한 자유변경의 하나의 방법을 시도했다는 점에서, 다학제 간 연결을 통해 이론과 실제에 대한 조우를 가능하게 했다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore on how children in group theraplayⓇ could reveal phenomenologically their own emotion, behavior as well as social interaction, to interpret it from the perspective of neuroscience. When it comes to social interaction, the way of approaching this research might be one of the free variation. Conducting group theraplayⓇwith 4 year-old 8 children, emotions and behaviors in the process have been described as a phenomenological perspective, analyzing those and interpreting those neuroscientifically. Results were as below. There were changes of expression and behavior as well as pleasure, accompanying with increasing of eye contact and laughing. It was based on inter-subjectivity, inter-regulation, inter-attunement as well as imitation. On the other hand, Competitive or negative emotions and behaviors were reduced. This is due to the fact that Group TheraplayⓇ was “involved in the expansion of children's tolerance.” Also it was because of the pursuit of resonance between the right and right brains as well as the enjoyable play experience involved in bottom-up brain development. This study was meaningful in that it attempted a method of free variation of social interaction, and made possible the encounter between theory and practice through multidisciplinary connections.
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