『신찬자경』의 이체자 유형 분류 ― 간략화와 증번화를 중심으로

Abstract

Shinsenjukyo is an early Japanese dictionary written by Shochu on the basis of Chinese wordbooks such as Yiqiejingyinyi, Yupian, Qieyun, Zhengmingyaolu Ganluzishu during the shotai period of heianperiod in Japan. And there’re a large number of variants and folk characters, which are of considerable value in the study of typography. Simplification is a way to form variant characters by simplifying the font of Chinese characters, while multiplication is the opposite way to form variant characters by multiplying the font of Chinese characters. They are the fundamental causes of formation of variant characters, including the range of strokes and components, and even the side of a Chainese character which promote the formation of variant characters, such as signifiers and phonetic symbols. Most of the variants of Shinsenjukyo have the same causes as those of common variants, so it can be determined that the variants of Shinsenjukyo have the universality that all variants have. However, there is no lack of inherent variant characters. Some unique variant characters further mutate on the basis of ordinary variant characters, forming unique font not easily found in Chinese character books and inscription. Only omitting or adding simple strokes may be the result of a momentary mistake, while omitting or adding components and sides of a Chinese character must be a deliberate change of a font. That is , the font is intentionally multiplied or simplified to improve the convenience of writing. Especiallly, that some phonetic symbols of variants are boldly simplified is beyond the range of variance of common variants, which shows the distinguishing featrue of variants in Japanese character books. Thus, the variants in Shinsenjukyo make it possible for scholars who study Chinese character fonts to break through the restrictions of China and to collect the Chinese characters used in other Chinese character cultural circles, becoming one of the important resources in expanding the pool of Chinese character fonts.