과학과 신학의 관계: 네 가지 유형 및 도예베르트의 대안적 고찰
Science and Theology: Conflict? or Integration?
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본 논문은 과학과 신학간의 관계를 역사적 관점에서 크게 다음 네 가지 모델로 분류하여 심층적으로 다루고 있다. 첫째, 과학과 신학은 서로 대립적이며 갈등을 일으킨다고 보는 입장이며, 둘째로 양자는 각각 독립된 영역이 있다고 생각하는 관점이다. 셋째 신학과 과학은 서로 이해관계가 중복됨으로 대화할 수 있다고 주장하는 모델이며 마지막으로 두 학문은 통합될 수 있다고 보는 이론이다. 본 논문은 이 네 가지 모델을 소개하고 비판적으로 평가한 후 궁극적으로 네덜란드의 기독교 철학자인 도예베르트의 이론을 사용하여 이 네 가지를 종합적으로 아우르며 과학과 신학은 독립적이면서도 상호보완적이고 두 학문의 주체인 인간은 대화를 통해 양자가 공존할 수 있으나 그 마음의 궁극적 헌신에 따라 영적인 대립관계가 있을 수 있음을 논증한다. 마지막으로 기독학자의 자세에 대해 언급함으로 결론을 맺는다.
Abstract
This article deals with the relationship between science and theology. Historically speaking, there are four types on the relationship between the two disciplines. The first one is the conflict theory,stating that the two are contradictory and so incompatible with each other. The second view argues that both are independent as each treats quite separate realm of inquiry. The third type thinks that both can have a dialogue because each field has things to say to the other. Finally, there is an integration model which aims to unify both fields into a single discourse. After presenting each view respectively with critical evaluation, Dooyeweerd’s theory is introduced as an alternative one because he argues that science and theology are independent in the area of interest but at the same time they are interrelated each other because the subject of each discipline is human being. In this sense, dialogue is possible but ultimately, there can be a spiritual antithesis within the heart of the researcher, depending on which direction is taken toward the Origin. In conclusion, the most desirable attitude of a Christian scholar is presented in this respect.
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