일자리사업의 향후 평가 방향: 인과적 머신러닝을 적용한 직업훈련사업의 평가
New Direction of Evaluation on Labor Market Program Application of Causal Machine Learning to Vocational Training in Korea
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초록
본 연구는 최근 노동시장 분석에 활용되는 인과적 머신러닝 기법을 소개하고 우리나라 직업훈련 데이터에 적용한 결과를 제시하였다. 직업 훈련사업의 취업 효과를분석한 다수의 연구 결과가 일치된 결론에 이르지 못하고 있다. 인과적 추론을 위해소개하는 이중 머신러닝(double machine learning, DML)은 모형의 변수들 사이의유연한(flexible) 관계를 허용함으로써 연구의 자의성을 줄일 수 있다. 향후 DML의탈편의성과 강건성은 합리적인 효과의 범위를 제시하고, 이질적(heterogeneous) 처치효과의 추정은 평가 결과의 활용도를 높일 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
This study introduces a machine learning method (DML) recently used for causal analyses on labor market issues and presents the results of applying DML to Korea’s vocational training data. Voluminous studies have estimated the effect of training on employment and they have come up short of consensus. The DML’s flexibility in setting relationships of variables may help to avoid problems related to model specification. The DML’s properties of the debiasedness and robustness may also provide what the reasonable range of training effects should be. In addition, the paper attempt heterogeneous treatment effects, which will be informative to policy implementation.
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