밀교적 시각에서 바라본 대행선사의 법어 -한마음요전』을 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper looks into essential points contained in the collected Dharma talks of Seon Master Daehaeng titled The Principles of One Mind [Hanmaum Yojeon], largely from the two perspectives of Buddhism’s esoteric school. To begin with, Daehaeng’s Dharma talks had three characteristics: words full of life based on her own thorough insight; actionable teachings based on her selection of practical topics; and quick prescriptive words to give people relief from their problems. These three characteristics reflect the three-phrase teachings of the Mahāvairocana Sūtra, which is a teaching given in three phrases to describe the principles to attain omniscience (sarvajñājñāna). In addition, the concept of Juingong, which is the inherent Dharma nature of Seon Master Daehaeng, connotes “Dharmadhatu Wisdom” (dharmadhātu-prakṛti-jñāna), one of the five kinds of wisdom taught in the esoteric school of Buddhism. The three-phrase teaching of the esoteric school is: “Bodhi mind becomes the cause, great compassion the foundation, and skillful means the ultimate.” Seon Master Daehaeng’s Dharma talks were constantly given from the foundation of this three-phrase teaching. And Dharmadhatu Wisdom represents the sublime wisdom that subject (he who perceives) and object (that which is perceived) or mind and form, which permeate the universe, are all the true nature of things as they are. In other words, they represent the pure Dharma body of Vairocana Buddha as it is. The Juingong also lacks nothing as it is, and has inherent Buddhahood, which can also be considered as “Dharma nature” and no different form Dharmadhatu Wisdom. Therefore, this Juingong is the original essence in which the worlds of the “ten directions and three times (past, present, future)” are one; where form manifests in limitless ways, and where function arises from one’s own mind.